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运动训练可调节肠道菌群谱并改善内毒素血症。

Exercise Training Modulates Gut Microbiota Profile and Improves Endotoxemia.

机构信息

Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, FINLAND.

Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, FINLAND.

出版信息

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2020 Jan;52(1):94-104. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002112.

DOI:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002112
PMID:31425383
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7028471/
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Intestinal metabolism and microbiota profiles are impaired in obesity and insulin resistance. Moreover, dysbiotic gut microbiota has been suggested to promote systemic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance through the release of endotoxins particularly lipopolysaccharides. We have previously shown that exercise training improves intestinal metabolism in healthy men. To understand whether changes in intestinal metabolism interact with gut microbiota and its release of inflammatory markers, we studied the effects of sprint interval (SIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on intestinal metabolism and microbiota in subjects with insulin resistance. METHODS: Twenty-six, sedentary subjects (prediabetic, n = 9; type 2 diabetes, n = 17; age, 49 [SD, 4] yr; body mass index, 30.5 [SD, 3]) were randomized into SIT or MICT. Intestinal insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (GU) and fatty acid uptake (FAU) from circulation were measured using positron emission tomography. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and serum inflammatory markers with multiplex assays and enzyme-linked immunoassay kit. RESULTS: V˙O2peak improved only after SIT (P = 0.01). Both training modes reduced systematic and intestinal inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-α, lipopolysaccharide binding protein) (time P < 0.05). Training modified microbiota profile by increasing Bacteroidetes phylum (time P = 0.03) and decreasing Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (time P = 0.04). Moreover, there was a decrease in Clostridium genus (time P = 0.04) and Blautia (time P = 0.051). Only MICT decreased jejunal FAU (P = 0.02). Training had no significant effect on intestinal GU. Colonic GU associated positively with Bacteroidetes and inversely with Firmicutes phylum, ratio Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and Blautia genus. CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal substrate uptake associates with gut microbiota composition and whole-body insulin sensitivity. Exercise training improves gut microbiota profiles and reduces endotoxemia.

摘要

简介：肠道代谢和微生物群谱在肥胖和胰岛素抵抗中受损。此外，肠道微生物群落失调被认为通过释放内毒素（特别是脂多糖）来促进全身低度炎症和胰岛素抵抗。我们之前已经表明，运动训练可以改善健康男性的肠道代谢。为了了解肠道代谢的变化是否与肠道微生物群及其炎症标志物的释放相互作用，我们研究了冲刺间歇训练（SIT）和中等强度持续训练（MICT）对胰岛素抵抗受试者的肠道代谢和微生物群的影响。 方法：26 名久坐不动的受试者（糖尿病前期，n = 9；2 型糖尿病，n = 17；年龄，49 [SD，4] 岁；体重指数，30.5 [SD，3]）被随机分为 SIT 或 MICT 组。使用正电子发射断层扫描测量来自循环的肠道胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖摄取（GU）和脂肪酸摄取（FAU）。通过 16S rRNA 基因测序和酶联免疫吸附试剂盒分析肠道微生物群落组成和血清炎症标志物。 结果：仅 SIT 后 V˙O2peak 提高（P = 0.01）。两种训练模式均降低了系统性和肠道炎症标志物（肿瘤坏死因子-α、脂多糖结合蛋白）（时间 P < 0.05）。训练通过增加拟杆菌门（时间 P = 0.03）和降低厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比值（时间 P = 0.04）来改变微生物群谱。此外，梭菌属（时间 P = 0.04）和布劳特氏菌属（时间 P = 0.051）减少。只有 MICT 降低空肠 FAU（P = 0.02）。训练对肠道 GU 没有显著影响。结肠 GU 与拟杆菌门呈正相关，与厚壁菌门、厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比值和布劳特氏菌属呈负相关。 结论：肠道底物摄取与肠道微生物群组成和全身胰岛素敏感性相关。运动训练可改善肠道微生物群谱并降低内毒素血症。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8c4e/7028471/8b824f20aaef/mss-52-094-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8c4e/7028471/5779fa0e79e9/mss-52-094-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8c4e/7028471/7b151a994d04/mss-52-094-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8c4e/7028471/b31e78a8779c/mss-52-094-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8c4e/7028471/8285533cc253/mss-52-094-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8c4e/7028471/8b824f20aaef/mss-52-094-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8c4e/7028471/5779fa0e79e9/mss-52-094-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8c4e/7028471/7b151a994d04/mss-52-094-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8c4e/7028471/b31e78a8779c/mss-52-094-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8c4e/7028471/8285533cc253/mss-52-094-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8c4e/7028471/8b824f20aaef/mss-52-094-g006.jpg

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本文引用的文献

[1]
Six-Week Endurance Exercise Alters Gut Metagenome That Is not Reflected in Systemic Metabolism in Over-weight Women.

Front Microbiol. 2018-10-3

[2]
Does Exercise Alter Gut Microbial Composition? A Systematic Review.

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2019-1

[3]
Response of Gut Microbiota to Metabolite Changes Induced by Endurance Exercise.

Front Microbiol. 2018-4-20

[4]
Morbid obesity and type 2 diabetes alter intestinal fatty acid uptake and blood flow.

Diabetes Obes Metab. 2018-2-11

[5]
Exercise Alters Gut Microbiota Composition and Function in Lean and Obese Humans.

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2018-4

[6]
Sprint interval training decreases left-ventricular glucose uptake compared to moderate-intensity continuous training in subjects with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes.

Sci Rep. 2017-9-5

[7]
Relevance of secretor status genotype and microbiota composition in susceptibility to rotavirus and norovirus infections in humans.

Sci Rep. 2017-3-30

[8]
Increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in both leg and arm muscles after sprint interval and moderate-intensity training in subjects with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes.

Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2017-4-10

[9]
Differences in gut microbiota profile between women with active lifestyle and sedentary women.

PLoS One. 2017-2-10

[10]
Two weeks of moderate-intensity continuous training, but not high-intensity interval training, increases insulin-stimulated intestinal glucose uptake.

J Appl Physiol (1985). 2017-5-1

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