School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Department of Physical Medicine, Chair of Physiotherapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland.
Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019 Jul 22;2019:2164698. doi: 10.1155/2019/2164698. eCollection 2019.
The main aim of the study was an assessment of the influence of rapid weight loss on oxidative stress parameters in judokas differing in weight reduction value.
The study included 30 judokas with an age range of 18-30 years (mean age: 22.4 ± 3.40 years). Enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidative markers, lipid peroxidation markers, and total oxidative stress were assessed three times: one week before a competition (the first stage), after gaining the desired weight (the second stage), and one week after the competition (the third stage).
Between the first and the second stage, the concentration of lipid hydroperoxides (LPH) decreased significantly. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), copper- and zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD), ceruloplasmin (CER), malondialdehyde (MDA), LPH, and total oxidative stress (TOS) concentrations were the lowest one week after the competition. Linear regression indicated that the emphases on increased weight reduction increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and protein sulfhydryl (PSH) between the first and the second stage of the study. Moderate weight reduction (2-5%) resulted in elevated levels of SOD, Mn-SOD, LPH, MDA, and TOS in comparison to low and high reductions. An opposite relation was observed in PSH. In judokas, the precompetitional weight reduction range was 0.44-6.10% (mean: 2.93% ± 1.76%) of the initial body weight. Concentrations of superoxide dismutase (SOD; < .01), manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD; < .001), and ceruloplasmin (CER; < .05) decreased between the first and the third stage of the study as well between the second and third one. Before competitions, a decrease in lipid hydroperoxide (LPH; < .01) concentration was observed. A reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA; < .05), LPH ( < .01), and total oxidative stress (TOS; < .05) levels between the first and the final stage occurred. The increase in weight reduction was linearly correlated with the rise of glutathione peroxidase (GPx; < .05), glutathione reductase (GR; < .05), glutathione S-transferase (GST; < .05), and protein sulfhydryl (PSH; < .05) concentrations between the first and the second stage of the study. Moderate weight reduction (2-5%) resulted in elevated levels of SOD ( < .05), Mn-SOD ( < .05), LPH ( < .05), MDA ( < .05), and TOS ( < .05) in comparison to low and high reductions. An opposite relation was observed in PSH ( < .005).
The effect of weight reduction in judo athletes on prooxidative-antioxidative system diversity depends on the weight reduction value.
本研究的主要目的是评估快速减重对不同减重值的柔道运动员氧化应激参数的影响。
本研究纳入了 30 名年龄在 18-30 岁之间（平均年龄：22.4±3.40 岁）的柔道运动员。在三个时间点评估了酶和非酶抗氧化标记物、脂质过氧化标记物和总氧化应激：比赛前一周（第一阶段）、达到理想体重后（第二阶段）和比赛后一周（第三阶段）。
在第一阶段和第二阶段之间，脂质氢过氧化物（LPH）的浓度显著下降。超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶（Cu，Zn-SOD）、铜蓝蛋白（CER）、丙二醛（MDA）、LPH 和总氧化应激（TOS）浓度在比赛后一周最低。线性回归表明，在研究的第一和第二阶段之间，对增加减重的重视增加了谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST）和蛋白质巯基（PSH）的活性。与低减重和高减重相比，中等减重（2-5%）导致 SOD、Mn-SOD、LPH、MDA 和 TOS 水平升高。PSH 则呈现相反的关系。在柔道运动员中，赛前减重范围为初始体重的 0.44-6.10%（平均值：2.93%±1.76%）。超氧化物歧化酶（SOD；<.01）、锰依赖性超氧化物歧化酶（Mn-SOD；<.001）和铜蓝蛋白（CER；<.05）的浓度在研究的第一和第三阶段以及第二和第三阶段之间均下降。在比赛前，观察到脂质氢过氧化物（LPH；<.01）浓度降低。第一阶段和最后阶段之间，丙二醛（MDA；<.05）、LPH（<.01）和总氧化应激（TOS；<.05）水平降低。在研究的第一和第二阶段之间，减重的增加与谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx；<.05）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR；<.05）、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶（GST；<.05）和蛋白质巯基（PSH；<.05）浓度的升高呈线性相关。与低减重和高减重相比，中等减重（2-5%）导致 SOD（<.05）、Mn-SOD（<.05）、LPH（<.05）、MDA（<.05）和 TOS（<.05）水平升高。PSH（<.005）则呈现相反的关系。
柔道运动员减重对促氧化-抗氧化系统多样性的影响取决于减重值。
