Yaoundé University Teaching Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Biyem-Assi District Hospital, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Int J Dermatol. 2019 Oct;58(10):1135-1140. doi: 10.1111/ijd.14610. Epub 2019 Aug 20.
Keloids are a common presenting complaint in Black Africans but remain poorly documented in these populations. The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical profiles of patients with keloids seen at dermatology outpatient consultations in Yaoundé (Cameroon) and to determine driving factors of keloid occurrence.
This was a 1 : 2 case-control study conducted from February to May 2016 at the dermatology unit of five health facilities in Yaoundé, Cameroon. Cases were patients with black skin and diagnosed with keloids while controls had no keloid scar, paired to cases according to age and sex. The diagnosis of keloid was based on clinical history and findings.
Of 2,940 patients seen during the study period, 102 (54.9% females) had keloids, hence a prevalence of 3.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.8-4.2). The most affected age group was ≥25 years (69.6%). Lesions at the origin of keloids were mostly traumatic (66.7%). In 68 patients (66.7%), keloid scars were associated with pruritus. The presternal region was the predominant localization (26.5%). Existence of a family history of keloids was significantly associated with presence of keloids (adjusted odds ratio: 4.2, 95% CI: 2.4-7.2; P < 0.001).
Keloids commonly affect black skin as recorded during dermatology consultations in Yaoundé, Cameroon. More often, they are secondary to skin trauma and seem to occur among those with a family history of keloids. Therefore, these people should be closely monitored accordingly.
瘢痕疙瘩在黑种人中很常见，但在这些人群中的记录却很少。我们的研究目的是描述喀麦隆雅温得皮肤科门诊就诊的瘢痕疙瘩患者的流行病学和临床特征，并确定瘢痕疙瘩发生的驱动因素。
这是一项 1:2 的病例对照研究，于 2016 年 2 月至 5 月在喀麦隆雅温得的五家卫生机构的皮肤科进行。病例为黑人皮肤并被诊断为瘢痕疙瘩的患者，而对照者没有瘢痕疙瘩疤痕，与病例按年龄和性别配对。瘢痕疙瘩的诊断基于临床病史和发现。
在研究期间，2940 名患者中有 102 名（54.9%为女性）患有瘢痕疙瘩，因此患病率为 3.5%（95%置信区间[CI]：2.8-4.2）。受影响最大的年龄组为≥25 岁（69.6%）。瘢痕疙瘩起源的病变大多是创伤性的（66.7%）。在 68 名患者（66.7%）中，瘢痕疙瘩疤痕伴有瘙痒。最常见的定位是胸骨前区（26.5%）。瘢痕疙瘩家族史的存在与存在瘢痕疙瘩显著相关（调整后的优势比：4.2，95%CI：2.4-7.2；P<0.001）。
在喀麦隆雅温得的皮肤科门诊就诊中，瘢痕疙瘩常见于黑色皮肤。瘢痕疙瘩通常继发于皮肤创伤，似乎发生在有瘢痕疙瘩家族史的人群中。因此，应对这些人进行密切监测。
