美国大学体育协会（NCAA）一级排球运动员在一个赛季中上肢“摆动次数”的发展及表现指标
DEVELOPMENT OF AN UPPER EXTREMITY 'SWING COUNT' and Performance Measures in NCAA Division I Volleyball Players over A COMPETITIVE SEASON.
作者信息
Ness Brandon M, Tao Hanz, Javers Dustin, Thielsen Allison, Tvedt Hans, Whitcher James, Zimney Kory
机构信息
University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, USA.
出版信息
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2019 Jul;14(4):582-591.
BACKGROUND
Monitoring the volume of activity (i.e. pitch counts) and tracking upper extremity (UE) performance changes is common in overhead athletes; however, a lack of evidence exists for volleyball players.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in shoulder mobility, strength, and pain, along with UE swing count volume in Division I collegiate female volleyball athletes over a competitive season.Study Design: Observational, longitudinal study.
METHODS
Swing count data was collected during two separate days of practice during weeks 1, 7, and 14 of the competitive season. Perceived swing counts were collected after each practice from athletes and two coaches. Actual swing counts were tallied by retrospective viewing of video footage. Dominant shoulder internal (IR) and external rotation (ER) range of motion (ROM) and isometric strength, along with UE pain, were assessed on five occasions: baseline, in-season (weeks 1, 7, 14) and post-season (week 22).
RESULTS
Five Division I female volleyball athletes participated. Perceived UE swing counts among coaching staff were significantly correlated with actual swing count ( = 0.93 - 0.98, <.05), while athlete perceived swing count was moderately correlated and was not statistically significant ( = 0.64, = .25). Shoulder IR ROM decreased from baseline to week 14 (-5.6 ± 10.6, 95% CI: -18.76, 7.6; = .03), with a large effect size ( = 1.0). Large effect sizes were observed for increases in UE pain, shoulder ER ROM, and IR strength ( = 0.8 - 2.3). An increase in shoulder IR strength occurred from baseline to week 14 ( = .001), but decreased during the eight weeks of post-season relative rest ( = .02).
CONCLUSIONS
UE swing count estimates by coaching staff demonstrated higher correlation with actual swing counts obtained through video recording, as compared to volleyball athlete self-report. This cohort experienced increased shoulder IR strength and ER ROM over a competitive season. Shoulder IR ROM decreased during the first 14 weeks with a large effect size. Monitoring UE performance changes and swing count volume may have implications for injury prevention and program development for volleyball athletes.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 2B.
背景
监测活动量（即投球次数）并跟踪上肢（UE）表现变化在从事过顶运动的运动员中很常见；然而，对于排球运动员来说，缺乏相关证据。
目的
本研究的目的是调查在一个竞技赛季中，一级大学女子排球运动员的肩部活动度、力量和疼痛的变化，以及UE挥臂次数。
研究设计
观察性纵向研究。
方法
在竞技赛季的第1周、第7周和第14周的两个不同训练日收集挥臂次数数据。每次训练后从运动员和两名教练那里收集感知到的挥臂次数。通过回顾视频片段统计实际挥臂次数。在五个时间点评估优势肩内旋（IR）和外旋（ER）活动范围（ROM）、等长力量以及UE疼痛：基线、赛季中（第1周、第7周、第14周）和赛季后（第22周）。
结果
五名一级大学女子排球运动员参与了研究。教练组感知到的UE挥臂次数与实际挥臂次数显著相关（ = 0.93 - 0.98，<.05），而运动员感知到的挥臂次数呈中度相关且无统计学意义（ = 0.64， = .25）。从基线到第14周，肩部IR ROM降低（-5.6±10.6，95%CI：-18.76，7.6； = .03），效应量较大（ = 1.0）。UE疼痛、肩部ER ROM和IR力量增加时观察到较大的效应量（ = 0.8 - 2.3）。从基线到第14周，肩部IR力量增加（ = .001），但在赛季后八周的相对休息期下降（ = .02）。
结论
与排球运动员的自我报告相比，教练组对UE挥臂次数的估计与通过视频记录获得的实际挥臂次数具有更高的相关性。该队列在一个竞技赛季中肩部IR力量和ER ROM增加。肩部IR ROM在前14周下降，效应量较大。监测UE表现变化和挥臂次数可能对排球运动员的 injury prevention 和项目发展有影响。
证据水平
2B级。
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