Wolfe Heather, Poole Katherine, Tezanos Alejandro G Villasante, English Robert, Uhl Tim L
Director of Sports Medicine, Associate Athletic Trainer, Lincoln University Department of Athletics and NovaCare Rehabilitation, Lincoln University, PA, USA.
University of Kentucky Athletics Association, Head Volleyball Athletic Trainer, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2019 Feb;14(1):88-96.
Overuse injuries are common in volleyball; however, few studies exist that quantify the workload of a volleyball athlete in a season. The relationship between workload and shoulder injury has not been extensively studied in women's collegiate volleyball athletes.
HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: This study aims to quantify shoulder workloads by counting overhead swings during practice and matches. The purpose of the current study is to provide a complete depiction of typical overhead swings, serves, and hits, which occur in both practices and matches. The primary hypothesis was that significantly more swings will occur in practices compared to matches. The secondary hypothesis was that greater swing volume and greater musculoskeletal injury frequency will occur in the pre-season than during the season.
Prospective cohort.
Researchers observed practice and match videos and counted overhead serves and attacks of 19 women's collegiate volleyball players for two seasons. Serves, overhead hits, and total swings (serves + hits) were the dependent variables; event (matches and practice) along with position (defensive specialists, setter, outside hitter, and middle blocker) were the independent variables. Musculoskeletal injury frequency and swing volume workload were compared across pre-season and competitive season time periods.
Across all positions except outside hitters twice as many total swings occurred in practices compared to matches (p=.002) resulting in an average of 19 (CI 16.5, 21.5) more swings in practice than in matches. The average number of total swings during the pre-season 47.1 (CI 44.1, 50.1) was significantly greater than average swings per session during the competitive season 37.7 (CI 36.4, 38.9) (p < 0.001) resulting in a mean difference of 9.4 (CI 6.1, 12.7) swings. The number of athletes limited in participation or out due to a musculoskeletal injury during the pre-season (2.9%) was greater than during the season (1.1%) (p=0.042).
These findings support the primary hypothesis that women's collegiate volleyball athletes swing more during practices than in matches. The higher average number of serves in the pre-season and the greater frequency of musculoskeletal injuries requiring participation restriction or removal from participation suggest that a concordant relationship may exist between workload and injury variables.
过度使用损伤在排球运动中很常见；然而，很少有研究对排球运动员一个赛季的工作量进行量化。在女子大学排球运动员中，工作量与肩部损伤之间的关系尚未得到广泛研究。
假设/目的：本研究旨在通过计算训练和比赛中的过顶挥拍次数来量化肩部工作量。本研究的目的是全面描述训练和比赛中出现的典型过顶挥拍、发球和击球情况。主要假设是，与比赛相比，训练中的挥拍次数会显著更多。次要假设是，季前赛的挥拍次数和肌肉骨骼损伤频率会高于赛季期间。
前瞻性队列研究。
研究人员观察了训练和比赛视频，并统计了19名女子大学排球运动员两个赛季的过顶发球和进攻次数。发球、过顶击球和总挥拍次数（发球 + 击球）为因变量；赛事（比赛和训练）以及位置（防守专家、二传手、主攻手和副攻手）为自变量。比较了季前赛和赛季期间的肌肉骨骼损伤频率和挥拍次数工作量。
除主攻手外，所有位置的训练总挥拍次数均是比赛的两倍（p = 0.002），训练中的平均挥拍次数比比赛多19次（置信区间16.5, 21.5）。季前赛的平均总挥拍次数为47.1次（置信区间44.1, 50.1），显著高于赛季期间每场比赛的平均挥拍次数37.7次（置信区间36.4, 38.9）（p < 0.001），平均差值为9.4次（置信区间6.1, 12.7）。季前赛因肌肉骨骼损伤而限制参赛或无法参赛的运动员人数（2.9%）高于赛季期间（1.1%）（p = 0.042）。
这些发现支持了主要假设，即女子大学排球运动员在训练中的挥拍次数比比赛中更多。季前赛较高的平均发球次数以及需要限制参赛或禁止参赛的肌肉骨骼损伤频率更高，这表明工作量与损伤变量之间可能存在一致关系。
2级。
