Veljovic Fikret, Burak Senad, Begic Edin, Masic Izet
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Department of Cardiology, General Hospital «Prim. dr. Abdulah Nakas», Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Mater Sociomed. 2019 Jun;31(2):135-140. doi: 10.5455/msm.2019.31.135-140.
Noise represent an unwanted sound that endangers human health in multiple manners and in work setting causes reduction of productivity on one side, and increased waste on the other. Noise pollution occurs when the ear is exposed to the volume of sound that is disturbing, stressful or directly damaging hearing, but also acting on the organism as a whole.
The aim of the article is to examine the vulnerability of workers working on the "press" machine, and to carry out an analysis and examine the press operator workplace, then perform the noise spread measurement in the press operator work area and compare the current measurements with the permissible levels and analyze the time period of worker exposure, as well as presentation of the effects of noise on productivity and workers health. The aim of the article also includes the proposal for decrease of noise pollution.
A noise analysis at the workplace of workers working on a "press" machine was performed, which is exposed to a high impulse noise due to which the quality and quantity of production are reduced. For the purpose of calculating the noise level for one working day at the press operator site 1, 2 and 3, it is necessary to analyze the noise level in time. Operators spend most of their working hours at stations 1 and 3 where the measured noise level is L = 94.7 dB is taken, or at position 3, L = 97.2 dB. The measured noise level at these locations without the operation of the press is L = 80.1 dB, or at station 3 is L = 80.1 dB.
It was found that these operators working on the machine in question were exposed to a noise over the limit for more than three years. Their health problems that arise as a result of noise exposure are documented in their health charts. In order to achieve uninterrupted work at the press machine, during the eight hours shift, a noise correction is required to allow the equivalent sound level to fall within one day to the permissible 85 dB. In this regard, we consider the fact that we have known that the press produces a sound level of 110 dB, and that there is a reverberation (reflecting) sound. Given the technical characteristics of the plant, the reduction of the sound intensity of the source itself is not possible, so the suggestions of the technical solution will be based on reduced reflected sounds and to prevent the spread of direct sound to the operator.
Workers are exposed to permanent noise during a working day, which produces a number of consequences for the health of the worker, but also the employer and the community. The imperative of the employer is to reduce the number of rejects, increase profitability and to have a positive impact on the health of the individual.
噪声是一种有害声音，它以多种方式危害人类健康，在工作环境中，一方面会降低生产率，另一方面会增加浪费。当耳朵暴露于令人不安、有压力或直接损害听力的音量，并且这种音量还会对整个机体产生影响时，就会发生噪声污染。
本文的目的是研究在“冲压”机上工作的工人的易感性，对冲压机操作员的工作场所进行分析和检查，然后在冲压机操作员工作区域进行噪声传播测量，并将当前测量值与允许水平进行比较，分析工人的暴露时间段，以及阐述噪声对生产率和工人健康的影响。本文的目的还包括提出降低噪声污染的建议。
对在“冲压”机上工作的工人的工作场所进行了噪声分析，该冲压机由于产生高脉冲噪声而导致生产质量和产量下降。为了计算冲压机操作员工作地点1、2和3一个工作日的噪声水平，有必要及时分析噪声水平。操作员大部分工作时间在测量噪声水平为L = 94.7分贝的地点1和3，或者在位置3，L = 97.2分贝。在冲压机不运行时，这些地点的测量噪声水平为L = 80.1分贝，或者在地点3为L = 80.1分贝。
发现这些在相关机器上工作的操作员暴露于超过限值的噪声中已达三年多。因噪声暴露而产生的健康问题记录在他们的健康图表中。为了在冲压机上实现不间断工作，在八小时轮班期间，需要进行噪声校正，以使等效声级在一天内降至允许的85分贝。在这方面，我们考虑到我们已经知道冲压机产生的声级为110分贝，并且存在混响（反射）声。鉴于工厂的技术特性，不可能降低声源本身的声强，因此技术解决方案的建议将基于减少反射声并防止直接声传播到操作员。
工人在工作日暴露于持续的噪声中，这对工人的健康以及雇主和社区都会产生许多后果。雇主的当务之急是减少次品数量、提高盈利能力并对个人健康产生积极影响。
