中、美两国糖尿病自我管理手机应用程序功能特征比较：应用商店系统检索与内容分析。
A Comparison of Functional Features in Chinese and US Mobile Apps for Diabetes Self-Management: A Systematic Search in App Stores and Content Analysis.
机构信息
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Xi An Jiao Tong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi An Jiao Tong University, Xi An, China.
出版信息
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2019 Aug 28;7(8):e13971. doi: 10.2196/13971.
BACKGROUND
Mobile health interventions are widely used for self-management of diabetes, which is one of the most burdensome noncommunicable chronic diseases worldwide. However, little is known about the distribution of characteristics and functions of in-store mobile apps for diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to investigate the distribution of characteristics and functions of the in-store mobile apps for self-management of diabetes in the United States and China using a predefined functional taxonomy, which was developed and published in our previous study.
METHODS
We identified apps by searching diabetes in English or Chinese in the Apple iTunes Store and Android Markets (both in the United States and China) and included apps for diabetes self-management. We examined the validity and reliability of the predefined functional taxonomy with 3 dimensions: clinical module, functional module, and potential risk. We then classified all functions in the included apps according to the predefined taxonomy and compared the differences in the features of these apps between the United States and China.
RESULTS
We included 171 mobile diabetes apps, with 133 from the United States and 38 from China. Apps from both countries faced the challenges of evidence-based information, proper risk assessment, and declaration, especially Chinese apps. More Chinese apps provide app-based communication functions (general communication: Chinese vs US apps, 39%, 15/38 vs 18.0%, 24/133; P=.006 and patient-clinician communication: Chinese vs US apps, 68%, 26/38 vs 6.0%, 8/133; P<.001), whereas more US apps provide the decision-making module (Chinese vs US apps, 0%, 0/38 vs 23.3%, 31/133; P=.001), which is a high-risk module. Both complication prevention (Chinese vs US apps, 8%, 3/38 vs 3.8%, 5/133; P=.50) and psychological care (Chinese vs US apps, 0%, 0/38 vs 0.8%, 1/133; P>.99) are neglected by the 2 countries.
CONCLUSIONS
The distribution of characteristics and functions of in-store mobile apps for diabetes self-management in the United States was different from China. The design of in-store diabetes apps needs to be monitored closely.
背景
移动健康干预措施被广泛用于糖尿病的自我管理，糖尿病是全球最具负担的非传染性慢性病之一。然而，对于店内用于糖尿病自我管理的移动应用程序的特点和功能分布，我们知之甚少。
目的
本研究旨在使用我们之前研究中开发和发布的预定义功能分类法，调查美国和中国店内用于糖尿病自我管理的移动应用程序的特点和功能分布。
方法
我们通过在美国和中国的苹果 iTunes 商店和 Android 市场中搜索英文或中文的“糖尿病”，确定了应用程序，并纳入了用于糖尿病自我管理的应用程序。我们使用临床模块、功能模块和潜在风险这 3 个维度来检验预定义功能分类法的有效性和可靠性。然后，我们根据预定义的分类法对纳入的应用程序的所有功能进行分类，并比较了美国和中国这些应用程序的特点差异。
结果
我们共纳入 171 个移动糖尿病应用程序，其中 133 个来自美国，38 个来自中国。来自这两个国家的应用程序都面临着基于证据的信息、适当的风险评估和声明的挑战，尤其是中国的应用程序。更多的中国应用程序提供基于应用程序的沟通功能（一般沟通：中国与美国应用程序，39%，15/38 与 18.0%，24/133；P=.006；医患沟通：中国与美国应用程序，68%，26/38 与 6.0%，8/133；P<.001），而更多的美国应用程序提供决策模块（中国与美国应用程序，0%，0/38 与 23.3%，31/133；P=.001），这是一个高风险模块。两国都忽视了并发症预防（中国与美国应用程序，8%，3/38 与 3.8%，5/133；P=.50）和心理护理（中国与美国应用程序，0%，0/38 与 0.8%，1/133；P>.99）。
结论
美国和中国店内用于糖尿病自我管理的移动应用程序的特点和功能分布存在差异。需要密切监测店内糖尿病应用程序的设计。
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