Discovery Sciences, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, RTP, NC, 27709, USA.
Engineered Systems, RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, RTP, NC, 27709, USA.
Reprod Toxicol. 2019 Dec;90:150-165. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2019.08.016. Epub 2019 Aug 30.
We summarize the literature involving the deposition of nanomaterials within the placenta following oral exposure and the biological interactions between nanomaterials and placental development and function. The review focuses on the oral exposure of metal and metal oxide engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), carbon-based ENMs, and nanoplastics in animal models, with a minor discussion of intravenous injections. Although the literature suggests that the placenta is an efficient barrier in preventing nanomaterials from reaching the fetus, nanomaterials that accumulate in the placenta may interfere with its development and function. Furthermore, some studies have demonstrated a decrease in placental weight and association with adverse fetal health outcomes following oral exposure to nanomaterials. Since nanomaterials are increasingly used in food, food packaging, and have been discovered in drinking water, the risk for adverse impacts on placental development and functions, with secondary effects on embryo-fetal development, following unintentional maternal ingestion of nanomaterials requires further investigation.
我们总结了经口服暴露后纳米材料在胎盘内沉积的文献，并总结了纳米材料与胎盘发育和功能之间的生物学相互作用。本综述重点介绍了金属和金属氧化物工程纳米材料（ENMs）、碳基 ENMs 和纳米塑料在动物模型中的口服暴露情况，对静脉注射的情况进行了简要讨论。尽管文献表明胎盘是防止纳米材料进入胎儿的有效屏障，但在胎盘内积累的纳米材料可能会干扰其发育和功能。此外，一些研究表明，经口服暴露于纳米材料后，胎盘重量减轻，并与胎儿健康不良结局相关。由于纳米材料越来越多地用于食品、食品包装，并在饮用水中被发现，因此需要进一步研究母体意外摄入纳米材料对胎盘发育和功能的潜在不利影响及其对胚胎-胎儿发育的继发性影响。
