Combadière Behazine, Beaujean Manon, Chaudesaigues Chloé, Vieillard Vincent
Sorbonne University, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, U1135, CNRS, ERL 8255, Center of Immunology and Infectious Diseases (CIMI-Paris), 91 Boulevard de l'Hôpital, F-75013 Paris, France.
Vaccines (Basel). 2019 Sep 2;7(3):105. doi: 10.3390/vaccines7030105.
HIV-1 is responsible for a global pandemic of 35 million people and continues to spread at a rate of >2 million new infections/year. It is widely acknowledged that a protective vaccine would be the most effective means to reduce HIV-1 spread and ultimately eliminate the pandemic, whereas a therapeutic vaccine might help to mitigate the clinical course of the disease and to contribute to virus eradication strategies. However, despite more than 30 years of research, we do not have a vaccine capable of protecting against HIV-1 infection or impacting on disease progression. This, in part, denotes the challenge of identifying immunogens and vaccine modalities with a reduced risk of failure in late stage development. However, progress has been made in epitope identification for the induction of broadly neutralizing antibodies. Thus, peptide-based vaccination has become one of the challenges of this decade. While some researchers reconstitute envelope protein conformation and stabilization to conserve the epitope targeted by neutralizing antibodies, others have developed strategies based on peptide-carrier vaccines with a similar goal. Here, we will review the major peptide-carrier based approaches in the vaccine field and their application and recent development in the HIV-1 field.
HIV-1导致了全球3500万人感染的大流行，并且仍以每年超过200万新感染病例的速度在传播。人们普遍认为，一种保护性疫苗将是减少HIV-1传播并最终消除这一流行病的最有效手段，而治疗性疫苗可能有助于缓解疾病的临床进程并推动病毒根除策略。然而，尽管经过了30多年的研究，我们仍没有一种能够预防HIV-1感染或影响疾病进展的疫苗。这在一定程度上表明了在识别免疫原和疫苗形式方面的挑战，以降低后期开发失败的风险。然而，在诱导广泛中和抗体的表位识别方面已经取得了进展。因此，基于肽的疫苗接种已成为这十年的挑战之一。一些研究人员通过重构包膜蛋白构象和稳定性来保留中和抗体靶向的表位，而另一些人则基于肽载体疫苗开发了具有类似目标的策略。在这里，我们将综述疫苗领域中主要的基于肽载体的方法及其在HIV-1领域的应用和最新进展。
