Augoulea Areti, Moros Michalis, Lykeridou Aikaterini, Kaparos George, Lyberi Rallou, Panoulis Konstantinos
2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
Department of Climacterium and Menopause, Aretaieion Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Prz Menopauzalny. 2019 Jun;18(2):110-115. doi: 10.5114/pm.2019.86835. Epub 2019 Jun 28.
Menopause is the condition in which the gradual decline in ovarian function finally leads to the permanent cessation of menstruation. Oestrogen deficiency may cause early symptoms during the menopausal transition and late symptoms after menopause. Menopause is a normal period of life. During this period, women need adaptation to new biological, social, and psychological parameters. Vasomotor symptoms are among the most common menopausal symptoms. Menopause per se is not correlated with specific psychiatric disorders, but data suggest that perimenopausal women are more likely to develop depressive disorders even without a previous history. Vasomotor symptoms are correlated with mood and sleep disturbances, neuroticism, anxiety, decreased cognitive function, and stress. Personality traits, social, and other factors are also important mediators of vasomotor symptoms during the menopausal transition phase. This is a review based on the existing evidence concerning the correlation between psychosomatic and vasomotor symptoms of menopause during the menopausal transition period. Healthcare providers should take these correlations into consideration when planning the treatment of vasomotor symptoms. Vasomotor symptoms during menopause are associated with significant social costs. There are numerous traditional hormone therapy, and complementary and alternative therapy including over-the-counter treatments and dietary supplements for managing menopause-related vasomotor symptoms. Additional costs include follow-up physician visits, laboratory testing, management of adverse events, and loss of productivity at work. Social support and planning may help women to deal with menopausal symptoms and may reduce overall social costs during this transitional phase.
更年期是指卵巢功能逐渐衰退最终导致月经永久性停止的一种状态。雌激素缺乏可能会在绝经过渡期间引发早期症状，并在绝经后引发晚期症状。更年期是生命中的一个正常阶段。在此期间，女性需要适应新的生理、社会和心理参数。血管舒缩症状是最常见的更年期症状之一。更年期本身与特定的精神障碍并无关联，但数据表明，即使既往没有病史，围绝经期女性也更易患抑郁症。血管舒缩症状与情绪和睡眠障碍、神经质、焦虑、认知功能下降及压力相关。人格特质、社会因素及其他因素也是绝经过渡阶段血管舒缩症状的重要调节因素。这是一篇基于现有证据的综述，内容涉及绝经过渡期间更年期的心身症状与血管舒缩症状之间的相关性。医疗保健提供者在规划血管舒缩症状的治疗方案时应考虑这些相关性。更年期的血管舒缩症状会带来巨大的社会成本。有多种传统激素疗法以及补充和替代疗法，包括非处方治疗和膳食补充剂，用于管理与更年期相关的血管舒缩症状。额外的成本包括后续的医生问诊、实验室检查、不良事件管理以及工作效率损失。社会支持和规划可能有助于女性应对更年期症状，并可能降低这一过渡阶段的总体社会成本。
