Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
Biomed Res Int. 2019 Aug 7;2019:5357241. doi: 10.1155/2019/5357241. eCollection 2019.
To investigate the mechanism of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in young and elderly Korean patients based on the results of axial length distribution.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1599 patients with RRD who had bilateral axial length data examined at one center between 2003 and 2018. Axial lengths were measured using ultrasound or IOLMaster500. The frequency of RRD and axial length distribution according to age groups were investigated.
Patients with RRD displayed a bimodal distribution across ages with two age groups showing the highest peak at 55-59 years and a second peak at 25-29 years of age. The mean axial length was significantly longer in patients younger than 50 years old than that in patients ≥ 50 years old (26.18 ± 1.86 mm vs. 24.55 ± 1.67 mm, respectively, p < 0.001). The percentage of patients with high myopia (axial length ≥ 26 mm) in patients < 50 years old was higher than that in those ≥ 50 years old (51.9% vs. 15.0%, respectively, p < 0.001; odds ratio, 6.11; 95% confidence interval, 4.83 to 7.74).
We found a difference in the prevalence of myopia between young and elderly patients with RRD, which corresponds to a bimodal distribution of RRD incidence in East Asian countries. Our data indicate that myopia or high myopia-induced early vitreous detachment appears to be a major mechanism of occurrence of RRD in young East Asian patients, while senile vitreous liquefaction and detachment is the main mechanism of RRD in elderly patients.
基于眼轴长度分布的研究结果，探讨韩国年轻和老年孔源性视网膜脱离（RRD）患者的发病机制。
对象/方法：我们回顾性分析了 2003 年至 2018 年在一家中心进行双侧眼轴长度检查的 1599 例 RRD 患者的病历。使用超声或 IOLMaster500 测量眼轴长度。根据年龄组调查 RRD 的发生率和眼轴长度分布。
RRD 患者的年龄呈双峰分布，两个年龄组中 55-59 岁年龄组的高峰最高，其次是 25-29 岁年龄组。50 岁以下患者的平均眼轴长度明显长于≥50 岁患者（分别为 26.18±1.86mm 和 24.55±1.67mm，p<0.001）。50 岁以下患者高度近视（眼轴长度≥26mm）的比例高于≥50 岁患者（分别为 51.9%和 15.0%，p<0.001；优势比，6.11；95%置信区间，4.83 至 7.74）。
我们发现 RRD 年轻和老年患者的近视患病率存在差异，这与东亚国家 RRD 发病率的双峰分布相对应。我们的数据表明，近视或高度近视引起的早期玻璃体脱离似乎是东亚年轻 RRD 患者发病的主要机制，而老年患者 RRD 的主要机制是衰老性玻璃体液化和脱离。
