中国儿童眼轴长度与等效球镜度之间的关系。
Relationship between axial length and spherical equivalent refraction in Chinese children.
作者信息
Chen Shuying, Liu Xin, Sha Xiaotong, Yang Xiaoxia, Yu Xiaoning
机构信息
Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
出版信息
Adv Ophthalmol Pract Res. 2021 Nov 13;1(2):100010. doi: 10.1016/j.aopr.2021.100010. eCollection 2021 Dec.
PURPOSE
To evaluate the relationship between axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent refraction (SER) in Chinese children.
METHODS
This hospital-based cross-sectional study included 1208 eyes (from 617 Chinese boys and 591 Chinese girls), ranging between 2 and 12 years. All subjects were divided into subgroups according to the spherical equivalent refraction (SER) (hyperopia, emmetropia, and myopia) and age (2-6 years, 7-9 years, and 10-12 years). Comparisons were made between age, sex, and SER groups. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of AL and SER for all groups.
RESULTS
The mean AL and SER were significantly different among the three age groups: 2-6 years group (AL: 22.24 ± 1.59 mm; SER: 0.73 ± 2.67 D); 7-9 years group (AL: 23.49 ± 1.10 mm; SE: -0.68 ± 1.97 D) and 10-12 years group (AL: 24.33 ± 1.02 mm; SER: -1.72 ± 1.86 D). Boys showed longer AL compared with the girls (23.66 ± 1.51 mm vs 23.05 ± 1.32 mm). However, as for SER, the girls (-0.70 ± 2.17 D) showed smaller SER (more myopia) compared with the boys (-0.4 ± 2.48 D). After adjusting for age and sex, the SER tended to decrease (became more myopic) 1.23 D (95% CI: 1.15-1.30D) with a 1 mm increase of AL. Among the different SER groups, the SER tended to become more myopic per mm of AL by 1.09 D (95% CI: 0.97-1.21D) for the myopia group, 1.38 D (95% CI: 1.23-1.54 D) for the hyperopia group, and 0.05 D (95% CI: 0.02-0.08 D) for the emmetropic group. In addition, an increase of 1 mm elongation of AL showed a decrease of SER by 1.05 D (95% CI: 0.90-1.20 D) among 2 - 6-year-olds, by 1.40 D (95% CI: 1.30-1.51 D) among 7 - 9-year-olds, and by 1.37 D (95% CI: 1.21-1.52 D) among 10-12-year-olds. As for sexual differences, the girls 1.68 D, (95% CI: 1.57-1.79 D) showed a more significant myopic shift of SER with a 1 mm increase of AL compared with the boys (0.94 D, 95% CI: 0.84-1.04 D).
CONCLUSIONS
Our results indicated a strong linear relationship between SER and AL and an early-rising trend of myopia in Chinese children.
目的
评估中国儿童眼轴长度（AL）与等效球镜度（SER）之间的关系。
方法
这项基于医院的横断面研究纳入了1208只眼（来自617名中国男孩和591名中国女孩），年龄在2至12岁之间。所有受试者根据等效球镜度（SER）（远视、正视和近视）和年龄（2 - 6岁、7 - 9岁和10 - 12岁）分为亚组。对年龄、性别和SER组之间进行了比较。采用多元线性回归分析评估所有组中AL和SER的相关性。
结果
三个年龄组的平均AL和SER有显著差异：2 - 6岁组（AL：22.24 ± 1.59 mm；SER：0.73 ± 2.67 D）；7 - 9岁组（AL：23.49 ± 1.10 mm；SE： - 0.68 ± 1.97 D）和10 - 12岁组（AL：24.33 ± 1.02 mm；SER： - 1.72 ± 1.86 D）。男孩的AL比女孩长（23.66 ± 1.51 mm对23.05 ± 1.32 mm）。然而，就SER而言，女孩（ - 0.70 ± 2.17 D）比男孩（ - 0.4 ± 2.48 D）的SER更小（近视程度更高）。在调整年龄和性别后，AL每增加1 mm，SER倾向于降低（近视程度增加）1.23 D（95%CI：1.15 - 1.30D）。在不同的SER组中，近视组中AL每增加1 mm，SER倾向于增加近视程度1.09 D（95%CI：0.97 - 1.21D），远视组为1.38 D（95%CI：1.23 - 1.54 D），正视组为0.05 D（95%CI：0.02 - 0.08 D）。此外，在2 - 6岁儿童中，AL每伸长1 mm，SER降低1.05 D（95%CI：0.90 - 1.20 D）；在7 - 9岁儿童中降低1.40 D（95%CI：1.30 - 1.51 D）；在10 - 12岁儿童中降低1.37 D（95%CI：1.21 - 1.52 D）。至于性别差异，与男孩（0.94 D，95%CI：0.84 - 1.04 D）相比，女孩AL每增加1 mm，SER的近视偏移更显著，为1.68 D（95%CI：1.57 - 1.79 D）。
结论
我们的结果表明SER与AL之间存在强线性关系，且中国儿童近视呈早期上升趋势。
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