Referral Center for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Children's Hospital Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia.
Helicobacter. 2019 Sep;24 Suppl 1:e12639. doi: 10.1111/hel.12639.
Despite a decrease in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection, it still poses a significant health burden worldwide. This review summarizes important pediatric studies on H pylori published from April 2018 to March 2019. Epidemiologic studies have reported different prevalences in different parts of the world and have mainly confirmed traditional risk factors. Several studies on pathophysiology attempted to identify risk markers in childhood for gastric cancer development later in life. One of the most interesting studies evaluated the relationship between eosinophilic esophagitis and H pylori infection; however, an inverse relationship was not confirmed. The high resistance of H pylori and, consequently, low eradication rates, is still a major concern and susceptibility testing before treatment has again been highlighted. Potassium-competitive acid blockers are promising new acid-suppressant drugs but their role in H pylori eradication schemes is still to be determined.
尽管幽门螺杆菌感染的流行率有所下降，但它仍然在全球范围内造成了重大的健康负担。本综述总结了 2018 年 4 月至 2019 年 3 月期间发表的关于幽门螺杆菌的重要儿科研究。流行病学研究报告了在世界不同地区存在不同的流行率，并主要证实了传统的危险因素。一些关于发病机制的研究试图在儿童时期确定未来发生胃癌的风险标志物。其中一项最有趣的研究评估了嗜酸性粒细胞性食管炎与幽门螺杆菌感染之间的关系；然而，并未证实存在反向关系。幽门螺杆菌的高耐药性以及因此导致的低根除率仍然是一个主要关注点，治疗前的药敏检测再次受到重视。钾竞争性酸阻滞剂是有前途的新型抑酸药物，但它们在幽门螺杆菌根除方案中的作用仍有待确定。
