Department of Medicine-Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Helicobacter. 2011 Sep;16 Suppl 1(0 1):1-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2011.00874.x.
This review summarizes studies on the epidemiology and public health implications of Helicobacter pylori published in peer-reviewed journals from April 2010 through March 2011. Prevalence rates vary widely between different geographical regions and ethnic groups. An interesting study from the USA identified the degree of African ancestry as an independent predictor of H. pylori infection. Two studies have demonstrated early childhood as the period of transmission of infection and identified an infected sibling as an important risk factor. An oral-oral route of spread has been substantiated with several studies showing the presence of H. pylori in the oral cavity. Studies have shown the presence of H. pylori in drinking water and the role of poor living conditions and sanitation in H. pylori infection, supporting an oral-fecal route of spread. Screening for H. pylori as a gastric cancer pre-screening strategy has been described in Japan, and the importance of H. pylori eradication as a gastric cancer-prevention strategy has now been further emphasized in Japanese guidelines. Two studies have shown a decrease in the burden of dyspepsia and peptic ulcer disease with H. pylori eradication.
这篇综述总结了 2010 年 4 月至 2011 年 3 月期间在同行评议期刊上发表的有关幽门螺杆菌流行病学和公共卫生影响的研究。患病率在不同地区和种族群体之间差异很大。来自美国的一项有趣研究表明，非洲血统的程度是幽门螺杆菌感染的一个独立预测因素。两项研究表明，儿童早期是感染传播的时期，并确定感染的兄弟姐妹是一个重要的危险因素。口腔-口腔传播途径已被多项研究证实，这些研究表明口腔中存在幽门螺杆菌。研究表明，饮用水中存在幽门螺杆菌，生活条件差和卫生条件差与幽门螺杆菌感染有关，这支持口腔-粪便传播途径。日本已经描述了将幽门螺杆菌筛查作为胃癌筛查策略的方法，并且在日本指南中进一步强调了根除幽门螺杆菌作为预防胃癌的策略的重要性。两项研究表明，根除幽门螺杆菌可降低消化不良和消化性溃疡疾病的负担。
