Department of Nephrology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Dalin, Chiayi, Taiwan.
School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
PLoS One. 2019 Sep 6;14(9):e0222041. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222041. eCollection 2019.
Tinnitus and hearing impairment are prevalent among headache patients. This study aims to investigate the risk of tinnitus, sensorineural hearing impairment, and sudden deafness in patients with non-migraine headache. Participants included 43 294 patients with non-migraine headache (non-migraine headache cohort) and 173 176 patients with no headache of any type (control cohort) frequency-matched with respect to 10-year age interval and sex from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005 of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The mean age of the non-migraine headache cohort was 28.4 ± 14.9 years, and 58.5% of this cohort was male. The incidence rates of tinnitus, sensorineural hearing impairment, and sudden deafness were compared between cohorts using the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to examine the association of tinnitus, sensorineural hearing impairment, and sudden deafness with non-migraine headache, with adjustment for all covariates. The combined risk of either tinnitus, sensorineural hearing impairment, or sudden deafness was higher in the non-migraine headache cohort than in the control cohort (adjusted odds ratio [aHR], 2.73; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 2.62-2.84; p < 0.0001). Subgroup analysis showed that patients in the non-migraine headache cohort were at significantly higher risk of developing tinnitus (aHR, 3.05; 95% CI, 2.91-3.19; p < 0.0001), sensorineural hearing impairment (aHR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.74-2.05; p < 0.0001), and sudden deafness (aHR, 2.14; 95% CI, 1.77-2.59; p < 0.0001) than were controls. In this population-based study, the risks of tinnitus, sensorineural hearing impairment, and sudden deafness were found to be significantly higher in patients with non-migraine headache than in those without headache.
耳鸣和听力损伤在头痛患者中很常见。本研究旨在探讨非偏头痛头痛患者发生耳鸣、感音神经性听力损伤和突发性聋的风险。参与者包括来自台湾全民健康保险研究数据库的纵向健康保险数据库 2005 年的 43294 例非偏头痛头痛患者（非偏头痛头痛队列）和 173176 例无任何类型头痛的患者（对照组），按 10 年年龄间隔和性别频率匹配。非偏头痛头痛队列的平均年龄为 28.4±14.9 岁，其中 58.5%为男性。使用 Kaplan-Meier 方法和对数秩检验比较队列之间的耳鸣、感音神经性听力损伤和突发性聋的发生率。使用 Cox 比例风险模型检查耳鸣、感音神经性听力损伤和突发性聋与非偏头痛头痛的关系，并对所有协变量进行调整。与对照组相比，非偏头痛头痛队列的耳鸣、感音神经性听力损伤或突发性聋的综合风险更高（调整后的优势比[aHR]，2.73；95%置信区间[95%CI]，2.62-2.84；p<0.0001）。亚组分析显示，非偏头痛头痛队列的患者发生耳鸣（aHR，3.05；95%CI，2.91-3.19；p<0.0001）、感音神经性听力损伤（aHR，1.89；95%CI，1.74-2.05；p<0.0001）和突发性聋（aHR，2.14；95%CI，1.77-2.59；p<0.0001）的风险显著高于对照组。在这项基于人群的研究中，与无头痛的患者相比，非偏头痛头痛患者的耳鸣、感音神经性听力损伤和突发性聋的风险明显更高。
