Nejad Amir Sasan Mozaffari, Heshmati Ali, Ghiasvand Tayebe
Department of Microbiology, Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Hamadan, Iran.
Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Hamadan, Iran.
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2019 Aug;10(4):228-233. doi: 10.24171/j.phrp.2019.10.4.05.
Aflatoxins are a category of poisonous compounds found in most plants, milk and dairy products. The present research was carried out to detect the presence of aflatoxin M (AFM) in samples of milk collected from Hamadan province, Iran.
Twenty five samples of ultra-high temperature (UHT) and 63 samples of pasteurized milk were collected and the amount of AFM was measured by an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay method. In addition, the estimated daily intake (EDI) and hazard index (HI) of AFM was determined by the following equations:(EDI= mean concentration of AFM × daily consumption of milk/body weight; HI= EDI/Tolerance Daily Intake).
AFM was detected in 21 (84%) UHT milk samples and in 55 (87.30%) pasteurized milk samples. Seven (28%) samples of UHT and 21 (33.33%) pasteurized milk samples had higher AFM content than the limit allowed in the European Union and Iranian National Standard Limits (0.05 μg/kg). None of the samples exceeded the US Food and Drug Administration limit (0.5 μg/kg) for AFM. EDI and HI for AM through milk were 0.107 ng/kg body weight/day, and 0.535, respectively.
A significant percentage of milk produced by different factories in Iran (84% of UHT and 87.3% of pasteurized milk) was contaminated with AFM. Therefore, more control and monitoring of livestock feeding in dairy companies may help reduce milk contamination with AFM. As the HI value was lower than 1, it can be assumed that there was no risk of developing liver cancer due to milk consumption.
黄曲霉毒素是一类存在于大多数植物、牛奶及奶制品中的有毒化合物。本研究旨在检测从伊朗哈马丹省采集的牛奶样本中黄曲霉毒素M（AFM）的存在情况。
采集了25份超高温（UHT）处理牛奶样本和63份巴氏杀菌牛奶样本，采用酶联免疫吸附测定法测量AFM含量。此外，通过以下公式确定AFM的估计每日摄入量（EDI）和危害指数（HI）：（EDI = AFM平均浓度×牛奶每日消费量/体重；HI = EDI/每日耐受摄入量）。
在21份（84%）UHT处理牛奶样本和55份（87.30%）巴氏杀菌牛奶样本中检测到AFM。7份（28%）UHT处理牛奶样本和21份（33.33%）巴氏杀菌牛奶样本的AFM含量高于欧盟和伊朗国家标准限值（0.05μg/kg）。没有样本超过美国食品药品监督管理局对AFM的限值（0.5μg/kg）。通过牛奶摄入AFM的EDI和HI分别为0.107 ng/kg体重/天和0.535。
伊朗不同工厂生产的牛奶中有很大比例（UHT处理牛奶的84%和巴氏杀菌牛奶的87.3%）被AFM污染。因此，加强对乳制品公司牲畜饲养的控制和监测可能有助于减少牛奶中AFM的污染。由于HI值低于1，可以假定因饮用牛奶而患肝癌的风险不存在。
