Qin Mei, Lin Li, Wang Liang, Zhang Yu, Zhang Lishi, Song Yang, Chen Jinyao
West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 600041, China.
Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400707, China.
Nutrients. 2024 Dec 19;16(24):4381. doi: 10.3390/nu16244381.
Aflatoxin B (AFB), AFB, AFG, and AFG are Group 1 human carcinogens, with AFB notably increasing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk. Sichuan Province, China, with its subtropical monsoon climate, is susceptible to AF contamination in various food items. However, the HCC disease burden attributable to lifetime chronic dietary AF intake in Sichuan has not been investigated.
The contamination data of AFB, AFB, AFG, AFG, and AFM across 20 food categories were analyzed from 2012 to 2023 in Sichuan. Along with the consumption data gathered from the 2011 China National Nutrition and Health Survey, the FDA-iRISK simulated the lifetime chronic dietary exposure patterns of ∑AF and estimated the associated HCC burden using disability-adjusted life year (DALY) as the metric.
As for the mean AF contamination level in food from Sichuan, the estimated lifetime average daily dose (LADD) of ∑AF intake was 9.77 ng/kg bw/day at minimum and 26.0 ng/kg bw/day at maximum, resulting in the lifetime HCC risks per person of 0.106% and 0.283%. The corresponding HCC burdens were 16.87 DALY/100,000 people/year and 44.95 DALY/100,000 people/year, respectively. In the same scenario, the LADD and the risk of HCC in males were higher than in females, but the PAF was higher in females. However, the high (P) AF contamination level in food caused 2-3 times higher LADD and HCC burden than the mean level of AF occurrence. Among the studied food categories, grains and their products were the primary dietary sources of dietary AF exposure.
Sichuan population's lifetime exposure to ∑AF results in an HCC burden higher than the global level. It is recommended to continuously monitor and control AF contamination in Sichuan, particularly those highly vulnerable food categories, and the HCC disease burden should remain a concern in future research efforts.
黄曲霉毒素B（AFB）、AFB、AFG和AFG均为第1类人类致癌物，其中AFB尤其会增加肝细胞癌（HCC）风险。中国四川省属亚热带季风气候，各类食品易受AF污染。然而，四川因终生慢性膳食AF摄入导致的HCC疾病负担尚未得到调查。
分析了2012年至2023年四川20类食品中AFB、AFB、AFG、AFG和AFM的污染数据。结合从2011年中国国家营养与健康调查收集的消费数据，FDA-iRISK模拟了∑AF的终生慢性膳食暴露模式，并以伤残调整生命年（DALY）为指标估算了相关的HCC负担。
就四川食品中AF的平均污染水平而言，估计的∑AF终生平均每日摄入量（LADD）最低为9.77 ng/kg体重/天，最高为26.0 ng/kg体重/天，导致每人终生患HCC的风险分别为0.106%和0.283%。相应的HCC负担分别为16.87 DALY/10万人/年和44.95 DALY/10万人/年。在相同情况下，男性的LADD和患HCC的风险高于女性，但女性的PAF更高。然而，食品中高（P）AF污染水平导致的LADD和HCC负担比AF发生的平均水平高2至3倍。在所研究的食品类别中，谷物及其制品是膳食AF暴露的主要饮食来源。
四川人群终生暴露于∑AF导致的HCC负担高于全球水平。建议持续监测和控制四川的AF污染，特别是那些高度易受污染的食品类别，并且HCC疾病负担应在未来的研究工作中持续受到关注。
