Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports (NEXS), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Section for Forest, Nature, and Biomass, Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Adv Nutr. 2020 Jan 1;11(1):1-9. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmz090.
Current dietary guidelines advocate more plant-based, sustainable diets on the basis of scientific evidence about diet-health relations but also to address environmental concerns. Here, we critically review the effects of plant-based diets on the prevalence of obesity and other health outcomes. Plant-based diets per se have limited efficacy for the prevention and treatment of obesity, but most have beneficial effects in terms of chronic disease risk. However, with the considerable possibilities of translating plant-based diets into various types of dietary patterns, our analysis suggests that potential adverse health effects should also be considered in relation to vulnerable groups of the population. A transition to more plant-based diets may exert beneficial effects on the environment, but is unlikely to affect obesity, and may also have adverse health effects if this change is made without careful consideration of the nutritional needs of the individual relative to the adequacy of the dietary intake.
目前的饮食指南提倡更多基于植物的、可持续的饮食，这不仅是基于饮食与健康关系的科学证据，也是为了解决环境问题。在这里，我们批判性地回顾了植物性饮食对肥胖症及其他健康结果的影响。就预防和治疗肥胖症而言，植物性饮食本身的效果有限，但大多数饮食在慢性病风险方面有有益的影响。然而，由于将植物性饮食转化为各种饮食模式的可能性很大，我们的分析表明，对于人口中的弱势群体，还应考虑潜在的不良健康影响。向更多植物性饮食的转变可能对环境产生有益的影响，但不太可能影响肥胖症，如果在没有仔细考虑个体相对于饮食摄入充足性的营养需求的情况下进行这种改变，也可能会产生不良的健康影响。
