临床护士的研究培训需求：一项针对中国三级医院的全国性研究。
Research-training needs of clinical nurses: A nationwide study among tertiary hospitals in China.
作者信息
Wu Xue, Wu Xinjuan, Gao Yanhong, Wang Limin, Jin Jingfen, Li Yinglan, Cheng Shouzhen, Wen Xianxiu, Wang Aiping, Li Qingyin, Shang Shaomei
机构信息
Peking University School of Nursing, Beijing, China.
Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.
出版信息
Int J Nurs Sci. 2019 Jun 1;6(3):300-308. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2019.05.007. eCollection 2019 Jul 10.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate Chinese tertiary hospital nurses' research output, research ability, and their related training needs regarding scientific research methodology and analyze the relations among them.
METHODS
A nationwide survey was conducted in China on a large sample of tertiary hospital nurses ( = 27,335) recruited from 22 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities. A validated, self-designed questionnaire, consisted of a common questionnaire, the Science Research Skills Self-Rating Questionnaire (SRSQ) and the Scientific Research Training Needs Questionnaire (SRTNQ) were used to assess nurses' research output, self-rated research skills and research-training needs.
RESULTS
The nurses' scientific research participation rates (with 4.13%, 7.85%, 5.35%, and 2.04% in research projects, research attendance, papers published, and patent, respectively) and their self-rated research skills 25.00 (12.50, 37.50) were very low. However, the research training needs were relatively high 53.12(37.50, 75.00). Significant differences in research participation rates (research projects, research attendance, papers published, and patent), scientific research skills, and research-training needs were determined by age, highest education level, nursing experience, employment, technical title, administrative post, and clinical tutoring experience ( < 0.05). Female and male nurses had different research participation rates (only research projects and studies published) and scientific research skills ( < 0.05). Positive correlations were observed among research output, scientific research skills, and research-training needs ( < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
Nurses' scientific research participation and self-rated research ability were below the optimal despite that they had relatively high research-training needs. Nurses should be provided further research training with tailored content to their characteristics and capacity.
目的
本研究旨在评估中国三级医院护士的科研产出、科研能力及其在科研方法方面的相关培训需求，并分析它们之间的关系。
方法
在中国对来自22个省、自治区和直辖市的大量三级医院护士样本（n = 27335）进行了全国性调查。使用一份经过验证的、自行设计的问卷，包括一份通用问卷、科研技能自评问卷（SRSQ）和科研培训需求问卷（SRTNQ），来评估护士的科研产出、自评科研技能和科研培训需求。
结果
护士的科研参与率（研究项目、参加科研活动、发表论文和专利的参与率分别为4.13%、7.85%、5.35%和2.04%）以及自评科研技能25.00（12.50，37.50）非常低。然而，科研培训需求相对较高53.12（37.50，75.00）。研究参与率（研究项目、参加科研活动、发表论文和专利）、科研技能和科研培训需求在年龄、最高学历、护理经验、就业情况、技术职称、行政职务和临床带教经验方面存在显著差异（P < 0.05）。女性和男性护士的研究参与率（仅研究项目和发表的研究）和科研技能存在差异（P < 0.05）。科研产出、科研技能和科研培训需求之间存在正相关（P < 0.01）。
结论
尽管护士的科研培训需求相对较高，但他们的科研参与度和自评科研能力低于最佳水平。应根据护士的特点和能力为其提供进一步的针对性科研培训。
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