Wescott Delainey L, Soehner Adriane M, Roecklein Kathryn A
University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychology, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Pittsburgh, PA, United States; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2020 Aug;34:7-11. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.08.023. Epub 2019 Aug 26.
Sleep in seasonal affective disorder (SAD) has been primarily characterized by delayed sleep timing and self-reports of hypersomnolence. It is unclear whether delayed sleep timing is due to circadian or behavioral misalignment and if effective treatments operate independently of the circadian system. Discrepancies between self-report and actigraphic/polysomnographic sleep duration in SAD hinder clarification of hypersomnolence as a cardinal symptom. Previous studies have largely neglected the summer remission period in SAD, which could yield valuable insight to the role sleep disturbances play in the onset and recurrence of winter depressive episodes. Future studies should incorporate multi-method, multi-season assessment of sleep and circadian rhythms to best characterize relevant sleep-circadian phenotypes. Empirically determining sleep phenotypes present in SAD will pave the way for targeted sleep interventions.
季节性情感障碍（SAD）中的睡眠主要表现为睡眠时间延迟和过度嗜睡的自我报告。目前尚不清楚睡眠时间延迟是由于昼夜节律失调还是行为失调，以及有效的治疗是否独立于昼夜节律系统发挥作用。SAD患者自我报告的睡眠时间与活动记录仪/多导睡眠图记录的睡眠时间之间存在差异，这妨碍了将过度嗜睡明确为主要症状。以往的研究在很大程度上忽略了SAD的夏季缓解期，而这一时期可能会为睡眠障碍在冬季抑郁发作的发病和复发中所起的作用提供有价值的见解。未来的研究应采用多方法、多季节的睡眠和昼夜节律评估，以最好地描述相关的睡眠-昼夜节律表型。通过实证确定SAD中存在的睡眠表型将为有针对性的睡眠干预铺平道路。
