Hodžić Adnan, Mateos-Hernández Lourdes, Leschnik Michael, Alberdi Pilar, Rego Ryan O M, Contreras Marinela, Villar Margarita, de la Fuente José, Cabezas-Cruz Alejandro, Duscher Georg Gerhard
Department of Pathobiology, Institute of Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
SaBio, Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Cinegéticos, IREC-CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain.
Vaccines (Basel). 2019 Sep 15;7(3):114. doi: 10.3390/vaccines7030114.
Due to the functional inactivation of the gene encoding for the enzyme that is involved in the oligosaccharide galactose-α-1,3-galactose (α-Gal) synthesis, humans and Old-World primates are able to produce a large amount of antibodies against the glycan epitope. Apart from being involved in the hyperacute organ rejection in humans, anti-α-Gal antibodies have shown a protective effect against some pathogenic agents and an implication in the recently recognized tick-induced mammalian meat allergy. Conversely, non-primate mammals, including dogs, have the ability to synthetize α-Gal and, thus, their immune system is not expected to naturally generate the antibodies toward this self-antigen molecule. However, in the current study, we detected specific IgG, IgM, and IgE antibodies to α-Gal in sera of clinically healthy dogs by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the first time. Furthermore, in a tick infestation experiment, we showed that bites of induce the immune response to α-Gal in dogs and that the resulting antibodies (IgM) might be protective against . These findings may help lead to a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in mammalian meat allergy and tick-host-pathogen interactions, but they also open up the question about the possibility that dogs could develop an allergy to mammalian meat after tick bites, similar to that in humans.
由于参与低聚糖半乳糖-α-1,3-半乳糖（α-Gal）合成的酶的编码基因功能失活，人类和旧世界灵长类动物能够产生大量针对该聚糖表位的抗体。除了参与人类的超急性器官排斥反应外，抗α-Gal抗体还显示出对某些病原体的保护作用，并与最近发现的蜱传播的哺乳动物肉类过敏有关。相反，包括狗在内的非灵长类哺乳动物有合成α-Gal的能力，因此，预计它们的免疫系统不会自然产生针对这种自身抗原分子的抗体。然而，在本研究中，我们首次通过间接酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）在临床健康犬的血清中检测到了针对α-Gal的特异性IgG、IgM和IgE抗体。此外，在蜱虫感染实验中，我们发现蜱虫叮咬可诱导犬对α-Gal产生免疫反应，产生的抗体（IgM）可能对蜱虫有保护作用。这些发现可能有助于更好地理解哺乳动物肉类过敏和蜱-宿主-病原体相互作用的潜在机制，但也引发了一个问题，即狗在蜱虫叮咬后是否可能像人类一样对哺乳动物肉类产生过敏。
