碗中加电加热和冰对主流水烟半挥发性呋喃和其他有毒物产量的影响。
Effect of electric heating and ice added to the bowl on mainstream waterpipe semivolatile furan and other toxicant yields.
机构信息
College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
出版信息
Tob Control. 2020 Feb;29(Suppl 2):s110-s116. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-054961. Epub 2019 Sep 21.
OBJECTIVES
We examined mainstream total particulate matter, nicotine, cotinine, menthol, pyrene, carbon monoxide (CO) and semivolatile furan yields from a commercial waterpipe with two methods for heating the tobacco, quick-light charcoal (charcoal) and electric head (electric) and two water bowl preparations: with (ice) and without ice (water).
METHODS
Emissions from a single brand of popular waterpipe tobacco (10 g) were generated using machine smoking according to a two-stage puffing regimen developed from human puffing topography. Tobacco and charcoal consumption were calculated for each machine smoking session as mass lost, expressed as a fraction of presmoking mass.
RESULTS
The heating method had the greatest effect on toxicant yields. Electric heating resulted in increases in the fraction of tobacco consumed (2.4 times more, p<0.0001), mainstream nicotine (1.4 times higher, p=0.002) and semivolatile furan yields (1.4 times higher, p<0.03), and a decrease in mainstream CO and pyrene yields (8.2 and 2.1 times lower, respectively, p<0.001) as compared with charcoal. Adding ice to the bowl resulted in higher furan yields for electric heating. Menthol yields were not different across the four conditions and averaged 0.16±0.03 mg/session. 2-Furaldehyde and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde yields were up to 230 and 3900 times higher, respectively, than those reported for cigarettes.
CONCLUSION
Waterpipe components used to heat the tobacco and water bowl preparation can significantly affect mainstream toxicant yields. Mainstream waterpipe tobacco smoke is a significant source of inhalation exposure to semivolatile furans with human carcinogenic and mutagenic potential. These data highlight the need for acute and chronic inhalation toxicity data for semivolatile furans and provide support for the establishment of limits governing sugar additives in waterpipe tobacco and educational campaigns linking waterpipe tobacco smoking behaviours with their associated harm.
目的
我们用两种加热烟草的方法——速燃木炭（木炭）和电加热头（电）以及两种水烟碗准备方法——带冰（冰）和不带冰（水），对一种商业水烟的主流总颗粒物、尼古丁、可替宁、薄荷醇、芘、一氧化碳（CO）和半挥发性呋喃产量进行了研究。
方法
根据从人体抽吸地形开发的两阶段抽吸方案，使用机器吸烟对一种流行的水烟烟草品牌（10 克）进行了排放。每台机器吸烟时都计算了烟草和木炭的消耗，以吸烟后的质量损失表示，占预吸烟前质量的分数。
结果
加热方法对有毒物质的产生影响最大。与木炭相比，电加热导致烟草消耗的比例增加（增加 2.4 倍，p<0.0001）、主流尼古丁（增加 1.4 倍，p=0.002）和半挥发性呋喃产量（增加 1.4 倍，p<0.03）增加，主流 CO 和芘产量降低（分别降低 8.2 和 2.1 倍，p<0.001）。在碗中加入冰会增加电加热的呋喃产量。薄荷醇的产量在四种情况下没有差异，平均为 0.16±0.03 mg/次。2-糠醛和 5-羟甲基-2-糠醛的产量分别比香烟高 230 和 3900 倍。
结论
用于加热烟草和水烟碗的水烟部件会显著影响主流有毒物质的产生。主流水烟烟草烟雾是吸入暴露于半挥发性呋喃的重要来源，具有人类致癌和致突变潜力。这些数据突出表明需要半挥发性呋喃的急性和慢性吸入毒性数据，并为制定水烟烟草中糖添加剂的限量以及将水烟烟草吸烟行为与相关危害联系起来的教育运动提供支持。
Zotero 插件