Orczewska-Dudek Sylwia, Pietras Mariusz
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2019 Sep 27;9(10):734. doi: 10.3390/ani9100734.
The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of supplementing the diets of broiler chickens with oil or cake as a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) on their growth performance, fatty acid profile, and sensory quality of meat. The 456 Ross 308 broilers aged 21-42 days were divided into 3 groups with 4 replicates of 38 birds in each. Chickens in the control group I (CTR) were fed a standard grower-finisher feed mixture containing 60 g/kg rapeseed oil. The experimental components, oil-CSO (group II) or cake-CSC (group III), were included in a diet based on wheat and soybean at 40 and 100 g/kg, respectively. The use of oil and cake as feed components did not have a significant effect on the growth performance of the chickens. Analysis of the fatty acid profile in the lipids of the breast muscles showed that oil and cake reduced the content of monounsaturated fatty acids ( < 0.05) but increased the content of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially α-linolenic acid (C18:3) ( < 0.01). Furthermore, both components reduced the ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFAs in the breast muscles ( < 0.01). Sensory analysis revealed that oil had a beneficial effect on meat juiciness, whereas cake slightly worsened the flavor and tastiness of the meat. In conclusion, supplementing the diet of broiler chickens with oil or cake can be an efficient method for modifying the fatty acid profile of the meat lipids in a beneficial way, without any negative impact on the growth performance of the chickens. According to the dietetic recommendations for humans, broiler chicken meat with a higher level of PUFA n-3 can be a good alternative source of these fatty acids in the human diet. Furthermore, oil improved the juiciness of breast meat.
本研究的目的是确定用油脂或油饼作为多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）来源补充肉鸡日粮，对其生长性能、脂肪酸组成以及肉的感官品质的影响。将456只21至42日龄的罗斯308肉鸡分为3组，每组4个重复，每个重复38只鸡。对照组I（CTR）的鸡饲喂含有60 g/kg菜籽油的标准育成-肥育期饲料混合物。试验成分，即油脂-CSO（II组）或油饼-CSC（III组），分别以40 g/kg和100 g/kg的比例添加到基于小麦和大豆的日粮中。使用油脂和油饼作为饲料成分对鸡的生长性能没有显著影响。对胸肌脂质中的脂肪酸组成分析表明，油脂和油饼降低了单不饱和脂肪酸的含量（<0.05），但增加了n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的含量，尤其是α-亚麻酸（C18:3）（<0.01）。此外，两种成分都降低了胸肌中n-6/n-3 PUFAs的比例（<0.01）。感官分析表明，油脂对肉的多汁性有有益影响，而油饼则略微降低了肉的风味和口感。总之，用油脂或油饼补充肉鸡日粮可以是一种有效方法，以有益方式改变肉脂质的脂肪酸组成，而对鸡的生长性能没有任何负面影响。根据人类饮食建议，富含n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的肉鸡可成为人类饮食中这些脂肪酸的良好替代来源。此外，油脂改善了胸肉的多汁性。
