Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France.
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U955, Créteil, France.
Braz J Psychiatry. 2020 Jan-Feb;42(1):87-104. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0471.
Trichotillomania (TTM) is characterized by the pulling out of one's hair. TTM was classified as an impulse control disorder in DSM-IV, but is now classified in the obsessive-compulsive related disorders section of DSM-5. Classification for TTM remains an open question, especially considering its impact on treatment of the disorder. In this review, we questioned the relation of TTM to tic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
We reviewed relevant MEDLINE-indexed articles on clinical, neuropsychological, neurobiological, and therapeutic aspects of trichotillomania, OCD, and tic disorders.
Our review found a closer relationship between TTM and tic disorder from neurobiological (especially imaging) and therapeutic standpoints.
We sought to challenge the DSM-5 classification of TTM and to compare TTM with both OCD and tic disorder. Some discrepancies between TTM and tic disorders notwithstanding, several arguments are in favor of a closer relationship between these two disorders than between TTM and OCD, especially when considering implications for therapy. This consideration is essential for patients.
拔毛癖（TTM）的特征是拔自己的头发。TTM 在 DSM-IV 中被归类为冲动控制障碍，但现在在 DSM-5 的强迫相关障碍部分进行了分类。TTM 的分类仍然是一个悬而未决的问题，尤其是考虑到它对该疾病治疗的影响。在这篇综述中，我们质疑 TTM 与抽动障碍和强迫症（OCD）的关系。
我们回顾了有关 TTM、OCD 和抽动障碍的临床、神经心理学、神经生物学和治疗方面的相关 MEDLINE 索引文章。
我们的综述发现，从神经生物学（特别是影像学）和治疗的角度来看，TTM 与抽动障碍的关系更为密切。
我们试图挑战 DSM-5 对 TTM 的分类，并将 TTM 与 OCD 和抽动障碍进行比较。尽管 TTM 和抽动障碍之间存在一些差异，但有几个论点支持这两种疾病之间的关系比 TTM 和 OCD 之间的关系更为密切，尤其是在考虑治疗的影响时。这一考虑对患者至关重要。
