Superintendência de Controle de Endemias. Departamento de Controle de Vetores. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
Universidade de Taubaté. Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas. Taubaté, SP, Brasil.
Rev Saude Publica. 2019 Sep 30;53:84. doi: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2019053001264. eCollection 2019.
To describe the infestation of the municipalities of São Paulo by the vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, characterize seasonality and analyze average temperatures and larval densities.
We used maps with information on the infestation of municipalities between 1986 and 2015. The analysis of larval density of the species by the Wilcoxon test used the Breteau index values for Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus obtained from the Superintendency for Endemic Diseases Control database. In the seasonal description, arithmetic means of each vector were calculated by month and year. Mean temperature analyses were presented on maps with color gradients.
The state of São Paulo is currently almost totally infested, with co-occurrence of species in 93.64% of the municipalities. The seasonality analysis showed the first quarter as the most favorable period for larval abundance. The increase of mean temperatures in geographical areas coincided with the temporal trajectory of Ae. aegypti territorial expansion. The mean larval density found was higher for Ae. aegypti than for Ae. albopictus (p = 0.00).
Initially, these Culicidae occupied distinct and opposing areas. Over time, however, co-occurrence showed how great their capacity for adaptation is, even in the face of different social and urban conjunctures. The increase of the mean temperature contributed to Ae. Aegypti 's geographic expansion, as well as to the clearly seasonal profile of both species. In general, larval infestation by Ae. aegypti prevailed, which evidenced its competitive superiority. These data provide a better understanding of the dynamics of arboviral transmission in the state of São Paulo and can be used in vector surveillance and control.
描述 1986 年至 2015 年期间圣保罗州蚊虫滋生的情况，描述季节性并分析平均温度和幼虫密度。
我们使用了带有各县市蚊虫滋生信息的地图。使用 Wilcoxon 检验对两种蚊子（埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊）的幼虫密度进行分析，采用从地方传染病防治监督局数据库获得的布雷图指数值。在季节性描述中，按月和年计算每种蚊虫的算术平均值。采用颜色梯度地图展示平均温度分析结果。
目前，圣保罗州几乎全部受到感染，93.64%的县存在两种蚊种同时存在的情况。季节性分析表明，第一季度是幼虫丰度最有利的时期。地理区域平均温度的升高与埃及伊蚊的地域扩张时间轨迹相吻合。发现的平均幼虫密度，埃及伊蚊高于白纹伊蚊（p = 0.00）。
最初，这些库蚊科蚊种占据着截然不同的区域。然而，随着时间的推移，共同出现表明它们的适应能力非常强，即使面对不同的社会和城市环境。平均温度的升高促进了埃及伊蚊的地理扩张，以及两种蚊种明显的季节性特征。总的来说，埃及伊蚊幼虫滋生更为普遍，这证明了它的竞争优势。这些数据提供了对圣保罗州虫媒病毒传播动态的更好理解，可用于蚊虫监测和控制。
