Cloning and sequencing of cDNA encoding the complete mouse liver alcohol dehydrogenase.

The main ethanol-active alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH; alcohol:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.1) in mouse liver (ADH-AA) is similar in catalytic and molecular properties to horse liver ADH-EE and to the human class I ADHs. We have isolated cDNA clones encoding the entire mouse liver enzyme plus flanking regions. A mixture of 16 different oligonucleotides, each 14 bases long, was used to screen a liver cDNA library made from a DBA/2J mouse. A strongly hybridizing clone was found and identified as an ADH-encoding cDNA by partial DNA sequencing. This clone was used as a probe to identify others. Two overlapping cDNA clones together contained the entire protein-encoding region plus 100 nucleotides of the 5' noncoding region and 133 nucleotides of the 3' noncoding region culminating in a short poly(dA) tail. The amino acid sequence of the mouse liver enzyme deduced from this cDNA closely resembles that of horse liver ADH-E: 316 of 374 residues are identical, and 29 of the differences are conservative substitutions. The 5' region of this cDNA is interesting: the AUG that initiates the ADH polypeptide is preceded by an AUG that would encode the first amino acid of a tripeptide. Presumably termination of this tripeptide is followed by reinitiation at the AUG immediately preceding the sequence of the mature ADH polypeptide.