School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, 200240, Shanghai, China.
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxi Road, 250012, Jinan, China.
Endocrine. 2019 Dec;66(3):526-537. doi: 10.1007/s12020-019-02103-8. Epub 2019 Oct 7.
As the treatment regimens such as metformin could confound the correlation between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and gut microbiome, we should revisit the relationship between gut microbiota and T2D patients who are not currently treated with metformin.
The study recruited 65 T2D patients: 49 with and 16 without diabetic complications, and 35 healthy controls. We sequenced the 16S rRNA V3-V4 region of gut microbiota and detected metabolites based on liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in faecal samples.
The composition of both the gut microbiota and faecal metabolites changed significantly with T2D patients. The abundance of Proteobacteria and the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes were higher in T2D patients than healthy subjects, and the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids and lipids of T2D patients were significantly disordered. Moreover, the abundances of certain SCFA-producing bacteria (Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae etc.) were significantly increased in T2D patients, while the faecal SCFAs concentrations were significantly decreased. It's suggested that the role of SCFA-producing bacteria was not simply to produce SCFAs. Then we identified 44 microbial modules to explore the correlations between the gut microbiota and metabolic traits. Specially, most modules including certain SCFA-producing bacteria were comprehensively correlated to body mass index, the levels of blood glucose, blood pressure, blood cholesterol and faecal bile acids and lipids.
Our study identified the relationships between the gut microbiota and faecal metabolites, and provided a resource for future studies to understand host-gut microbiota interactions in T2D.
由于二甲双胍等治疗方案可能会混淆 2 型糖尿病（T2D）与肠道微生物组之间的相关性，因此我们应该重新审视未接受二甲双胍治疗的 T2D 患者的肠道微生物组与 T2D 之间的关系。
该研究招募了 65 名 T2D 患者：49 名有糖尿病并发症，16 名无糖尿病并发症，35 名健康对照者。我们对肠道微生物组的 16S rRNA V3-V4 区进行了测序，并基于液相色谱-质谱（LC/MS）和气相色谱-质谱（GC/MS）在粪便样本中检测了代谢物。
肠道微生物组和粪便代谢物的组成均随 T2D 患者而发生显著变化。与健康受试者相比，T2D 患者的厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门/变形菌门比值较高，T2D 患者的短链脂肪酸（SCFA）、胆汁酸和脂质明显紊乱。此外，某些产生 SCFA 的细菌（Lachnospiraceae 和 Ruminococcaceae 等）的丰度在 T2D 患者中明显增加，而粪便 SCFA 浓度明显降低。这表明，产生 SCFA 的细菌的作用不仅仅是产生 SCFA。然后，我们鉴定了 44 个微生物模块，以探索肠道微生物组与代谢特征之间的相关性。特别地，包括某些产生 SCFA 的细菌在内的大多数模块与体重指数、血糖水平、血压、血胆固醇以及粪便胆汁酸和脂质水平均呈全面相关。
本研究鉴定了肠道微生物组与粪便代谢物之间的关系，为进一步研究理解 T2D 中宿主-肠道微生物组相互作用提供了资源。
