Department of Marine Biology, Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
Rejuvenation Res. 2020 Aug;23(4):293-301. doi: 10.1089/rej.2019.2223. Epub 2019 Nov 22.
One of the widely accepted conjectures regarding mechanisms of aging is probably the oxidative stress hypothesis. β-1,3-Glucans, well-known immunostimulants, have been shown to increase nonspecific immunity and resistance against infections or pathogenic bacteria in several fish species, but its antiaging function remains poorly understood. By feeding of β-1,3-glucans to the annual fish, , we detected the survivorship of the fish and estimated the development of age-related biomarkers at different stages. We first showed that administration of β-1,3-glucans was able to prolong the lifespan of the fish ( < 0.05). We then showed that β-1,3-glucans clearly reduced the accumulation of lipofuscin in the gills and the senescence-associated β-galactosidase in the caudal fins. Moreover, β-1,3-glucans were able to lower the levels of protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the muscles. Finally, β-1,3-glucans could promote the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, including catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase in the fish, and slow down the increase of P66shc, a critical factor involved in the regulation of intracellular ROS contents. These data together suggest for the first time that β-1,3-glucans can extend the lifespan, delay the onset of age-related biomarkers and exert an antioxidant action of the aged fish, . It also implies that β-1,3-glucans may be potentially useful for health care in the elderly, including extension of the lifespan.
一种被广泛认可的衰老机制假说可能是氧化应激假说。β-1,3-葡聚糖作为一种众所周知的免疫刺激物，已被证明能提高几种鱼类的非特异性免疫力和对感染或致病菌的抵抗力，但它的抗衰老功能仍知之甚少。通过给一年生鱼类投喂β-1,3-葡聚糖，我们检测了鱼的存活率，并在不同阶段估计了与年龄相关的生物标志物的发展情况。我们首先表明，β-1,3-葡聚糖的给药能够延长鱼的寿命（ < 0.05）。然后我们表明，β-1,3-葡聚糖明显减少了鳃中脂褐素和尾鳍中衰老相关的β-半乳糖苷酶的积累。此外，β-1,3-葡聚糖能够降低肌肉中蛋白质氧化、脂质过氧化和活性氧（ROS）的水平。最后，β-1,3-葡聚糖能够促进抗氧化酶的活性，包括鱼体内的过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶，并减缓参与调节细胞内 ROS 含量的关键因素 P66shc 的增加。这些数据首次表明，β-1,3-葡聚糖可以延长寿命，延缓与年龄相关的生物标志物的出现，并对衰老的鱼类发挥抗氧化作用。这也意味着β-1,3-葡聚糖可能对老年人的保健具有潜在的应用价值，包括延长寿命。
