Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, ARC Centre of Excellence in Population Ageing Research, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.
College of Finance and Statistics, Hunan University, Changsha 430101, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Oct 8;16(19):3769. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16193769.
The fast population ageing has generated and will continue to generate large social, economic and health challenges in the 21th century in Australia, and many other developed and developing countries. Population ageing is projected to lead to workforce shortages, welfare dependency, fiscal unsustainability, and a higher burden of chronic diseases on health care system. Promoting health and sustainable work capacity among mature age and older workers hence becomes the most important and critical way to address all these challenges. This paper used the pooled data from the longitudinal Household, Incomes and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey 2002-2011 data to investigate common and different factors predicting voluntary or involuntary workforce transitions among workers aged 45 to 64. Long term health conditions and preference to work less hours increased while having a working partner and proportion of paid years decreased both voluntary and involuntary work force transitions. Besides these four common factors, the voluntary and involuntary workforce transitions had very different underlying mechanisms. Our findings suggest that government policies aimed at promoting workforce participation at later life should be directed specifically to life-long health promotion and continuous employment as well as different factors driving voluntary and involuntary workforce transitions, such as life-long training, healthy lifestyles, work flexibility, ageing friendly workplace, and job security.
快速的人口老龄化在 21 世纪给澳大利亚和许多其他发达国家和发展中国家带来了巨大的社会、经济和健康挑战，并且这种挑战还将持续存在。人口老龄化预计将导致劳动力短缺、福利依赖、财政不可持续以及慢性病给医疗保健系统带来更高的负担。因此，促进成年和老年工人的健康和可持续工作能力成为应对所有这些挑战的最重要和最关键的途径。本文使用了来自澳大利亚家庭、收入和劳动力动态（HILDA）调查 2002-2011 年数据的汇总数据，调查了预测 45 至 64 岁工人自愿或非自愿劳动力转换的共同和不同因素。长期健康状况和减少工作时间的偏好增加，而有工作伴侣和带薪年限的比例下降，这两个因素都与自愿和非自愿劳动力转换有关。除了这四个共同因素之外，自愿和非自愿劳动力转换有非常不同的潜在机制。我们的研究结果表明，旨在促进晚年劳动力参与的政府政策应专门针对终身健康促进和持续就业，以及推动自愿和非自愿劳动力转换的不同因素，如终身培训、健康生活方式、工作灵活性、对老龄化友好的工作场所和工作保障。
