性别/认知轨迹的差异因种族/民族而异。
Sex/gender differences in cognitive trajectories vary as a function of race/ethnicity.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
出版信息
Alzheimers Dement. 2019 Dec;15(12):1516-1523. doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2019.04.006. Epub 2019 Oct 9.
INTRODUCTION
The present study sought to determine whether cognitive trajectories differ between men and women across and within racial/ethnic groups.
METHODS
Participants were 5258 non-Hispanic White (NHW), Black, and Hispanic men and women in the Washington/Hamilton Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project who were administered neuropsychological tests of memory, language, and visuospatial abilities at 18- to 24-month intervals for up to 25 years. Multiple-group latent growth curve modeling examined trajectories across sex/gender by race/ethnicity.
RESULTS
After adjusting for age and education, the largest baseline differences were between NHW men and Hispanic women on visuospatial and language, and between NHW women and Black men on memory. Memory and visuospatial decline was steeper for Black women compared with Hispanic men and NHW women, respectively.
DISCUSSION
This study takes an important first step in understanding interactions between race/ethnicity and sex/gender on cognitive trajectories by demonstrating variability in sex/gender differences across race/ethnicity.
简介
本研究旨在确定认知轨迹在不同种族/族裔群体的男性和女性之间以及在同一群体内是否存在差异。
方法
参与者是华盛顿/汉密尔顿高地-因伍德哥伦比亚老龄化项目中的 5258 名非西班牙裔白人（NHW）、黑人和西班牙裔男性和女性，他们在长达 25 年的时间里，每隔 18-24 个月接受记忆、语言和视空间能力的神经心理学测试。多组潜在增长曲线模型检验了按种族/族裔划分的性别轨迹。
结果
在调整年龄和教育因素后，NHW 男性和西班牙裔女性在视空间和语言方面，以及 NHW 女性和黑人男性在记忆方面的基线差异最大。与西班牙裔男性和 NHW 女性相比，黑人女性的记忆和视空间下降更为陡峭。
讨论
本研究通过证明种族/族裔差异对性别差异的影响存在变异性，从而在理解认知轨迹中种族/族裔和性别之间的相互作用方面迈出了重要的第一步。
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