Filipovic Andre, DeMarees Markus, Grau Marijke, Hollinger Anna, Seeger Benedikt, Schiffer Thorsten, Bloch Wilhelm, Gehlert Sebastian
Section of Molecular and Cellular Sport Medicine, Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Section of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Faculty of Sports Science, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Front Physiol. 2019 Sep 23;10:1187. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01187. eCollection 2019.
The improvement of strength and athletic performance during a competitive season in elite soccer players is a demanding task for the coach.
As whole-body electrostimulation (WB-EMS) training provides a time efficient stimulation potentially capable in exerting skeletal muscle adaptations we aimed to test this approach over 7 weeks in trained male soccer players during a competitive season.
We hypothesized that a superimposed WB-EMS will increase maximal strength and type I and type II myofiber hypertrophy.
Twenty-eight male field soccer players were assigned in either a WB-EMS group (EG, = 10), a training group (TG, = 10), or a control group (CG, = 8). The regular soccer training consists of two to four sessions and one match per week. In concurrent, the EG performed 3 × 10 squat jumps superimposed with WB-EMS twice per week, TG performed 3 × 10 squat jumps without EMS twice per week, and the CG only performed the regular soccer training. Muscle biopsies were collected and strength tests were performed under resting conditions before (Baseline) and after the intervention period (Posttest). Muscle biopsies were analyzed via western blotting and immunohistochemistry for skeletal muscle adaptive responses. To determine the effect of the training interventions a 2 × 3 (time group) mixed ANOVA with repeated measures was conducted.
Maximal strength in leg press ( = 0.009) and leg curl ( = 0.026) was significantly increased in EG along with a small but significant increase in type II myofiber diameter ( = 0.023). All of these adaptations were not observed in TG and CG.
WB-EMS can serve as a time efficient training method to augment strength capacities and type II fiber myofiber growth in soccer players when combined with specific resistance training. This combination may therefore be a promising training modification compared to traditional strength training for performance enhancement.
在精英足球运动员的赛季中提高力量和运动表现，对教练来说是一项艰巨的任务。
由于全身电刺激（WB-EMS）训练能提供高效的刺激，可能促使骨骼肌产生适应性变化，我们旨在对训练有素的男性足球运动员在赛季期间进行为期7周的这种训练方法测试。
我们假设叠加WB-EMS将增加最大力量以及I型和II型肌纤维肥大。
28名男性足球运动员被分为全身电刺激组（EG，n = 10）、训练组（TG，n = 10）或对照组（CG，n = 8）。常规足球训练包括每周两到四次训练课和一场比赛。同时，EG组每周进行两次3组每组10次的深蹲跳叠加WB-EMS，TG组每周进行两次3组每组10次的无EMS深蹲跳，CG组仅进行常规足球训练。在干预期之前（基线）和之后（后测）的静息状态下采集肌肉活检样本并进行力量测试。通过蛋白质免疫印迹法和免疫组织化学分析肌肉活检样本，以检测骨骼肌的适应性反应。为确定训练干预的效果，进行了2×3（时间×组）重复测量混合方差分析。
EG组的腿举最大力量（P = 0.009）和腿弯举最大力量（P = 0.026）显著增加，同时II型肌纤维直径有小幅但显著的增加（P = 0.023）。TG组和CG组未观察到所有这些适应性变化。
当与特定的阻力训练相结合时，WB-EMS可作为一种高效的训练方法，增强足球运动员的力量能力和II型纤维肌纤维生长。因此，与传统力量训练相比，这种组合可能是一种有前景的训练改进方法，有助于提高运动表现。
