Khedia Jackson, Agarwal Parinita, Agarwal Pradeep K
1Division of Biotechnology and Phycology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002 India.
2Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India.
3 Biotech. 2019 Nov;9(11):395. doi: 10.1007/s13205-019-1924-0. Epub 2019 Oct 11.
Plants encounter a variety of adverse environmental conditions, such as high salinity, drought, extreme heat/cold and heavy metals contamination (abiotic stress) or attack of various pathogens (biotic stress). These detrimental environmental factors enhanced the ROS production such as singlet oxygen (O), superoxide (O ), hydrogen peroxide (HO) and hydroxyl radicals (OH). ROS are highly reactive and directly target several cellular molecules and metabolites, which lead to severe cellular dysfunction. Plants respond to oxidative damages by activating antioxidant machinery to trigger signalling cascades for stress tolerance. HO signalling balances the plant metabolism through cross-talk with other signals and plant hormones during growth, development and stress responses. HO facilitates the regulation of different stress-responsive transcription factors (TFs) including NAC, Zinc finger, WRKY, ERF, MYB, DREB and bZIP as both upstream and downstream events during stress signalling. The present review focuses on the biological synthesis of the HO and its effect on the upregulation of kinase genes and stress related TFs for imparting stress tolerance.
植物会遭遇各种不利的环境条件，例如高盐度、干旱、极端高温/低温以及重金属污染（非生物胁迫）或各种病原体的侵袭（生物胁迫）。这些有害的环境因素会增强活性氧（ROS）的产生，如单线态氧（O）、超氧阴离子（O ）、过氧化氢（H₂O₂）和羟基自由基（OH）。ROS具有高度反应性，直接作用于多种细胞分子和代谢产物，从而导致严重的细胞功能障碍。植物通过激活抗氧化机制来应对氧化损伤，以触发信号级联反应来实现胁迫耐受性。H₂O₂信号在植物生长、发育和胁迫反应过程中，通过与其他信号和植物激素的相互作用来平衡植物代谢。H₂O₂促进对不同胁迫响应转录因子（TFs）的调控，包括NAC、锌指、WRKY、ERF、MYB、DREB和bZIP，这些调控在胁迫信号传导过程中作为上游和下游事件发生。本综述聚焦于H₂O₂的生物合成及其对激酶基因上调和与胁迫相关的转录因子的影响，以赋予胁迫耐受性。
