行为状态在早期发育过程中调节感觉处理。
Behavioral states modulate sensory processing in early development.
作者信息
Dooley James C, Sokoloff Greta, Blumberg Mark S
机构信息
Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
DeLTA Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
出版信息
Curr Sleep Med Rep. 2019 Sep;5(3):112-117. doi: 10.1007/s40675-019-00144-z. Epub 2019 Jul 3.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Sleep-wake states modulate cortical activity in adults. In infants, however, such modulation is less clear; indeed, early cortical activity comprises bursts of neural activity driven predominantly by peripheral sensory input. Consequently, in many studies of sensory development in rodents, sensory processing has been carefully investigated, but the modulatory role of behavioral state has typically been ignored.
RECENT FINDINGS
In the developing visual and somatosensory systems, it is now known that sleep and wake states modulate sensory processing. Further, in both systems, the nature of this modulation shifts rapidly during the second postnatal week, with subcortical nuclei changing how they gate sensory inputs.
SUMMARY
The interactions among sleep and wake movements, sensory processing, and development are dynamic and complex. Now that established methods exist to record neural activity in unanesthetized infant animals, we can provide a more comprehensive understanding of how infant sleep-wake states interact with sensory-driven responses to promote developmental plasticity.
综述目的
睡眠-觉醒状态调节成人的皮质活动。然而，在婴儿中，这种调节作用尚不清楚；实际上，早期皮质活动包括主要由外周感觉输入驱动的神经活动爆发。因此，在许多关于啮齿动物感觉发育的研究中，感觉处理已得到仔细研究，但行为状态的调节作用通常被忽视。
最新发现
在发育中的视觉和体感系统中，现在已知睡眠和觉醒状态调节感觉处理。此外，在这两个系统中，这种调节的性质在出生后第二周迅速变化，皮层下核改变了它们对感觉输入的门控方式。
总结
睡眠和觉醒运动、感觉处理与发育之间的相互作用是动态且复杂的。既然已有既定方法来记录未麻醉幼小动物的神经活动，我们就能更全面地理解婴儿睡眠-觉醒状态如何与感觉驱动反应相互作用以促进发育可塑性。
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