慢性腿部溃疡患者的接触致敏情况：一项为期 5 年的回顾性分析结果。

Contact Sensitization in Patients with Chronic Leg Ulcers: Results of a 5-Year Retrospective Analysis.

机构信息

At the Clinic of Infectious Diseases and Dermatovenereology, Vilnius University, in Vilnius, Lithuania, Tadas Raudonis, MD, is a junior researcher, Faculty of Medicine; Rasa Aurelija Vankeviciute, MD, is a graduate, Faculty of Medicine; Andre Lideikaite, MD, is a graduate, Faculty of Medicine; Anna Greta Grigaityte, is a medical student, Faculty of Medicine; and Jurate Grigaitiene PhD, MD, is Associate Professor of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine.

出版信息

Adv Skin Wound Care. 2019 Dec;32(12):558-562. doi: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000582628.52901.43.

DOI:10.1097/01.ASW.0000582628.52901.43

PMID:31663922

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To determine the frequency of contact sensitization among patients with chronic leg ulcers; to identify the most common allergens; and to examine possible relationships to ulcer duration, itching, exudate, and leg eczema.

METHODS

Researchers conducted a 5-year retrospective analysis of 145 patients diagnosed with chronic leg ulcers who underwent skin patch testing with S-1000, LU-1000, and the commonly used dressing and antiseptic series.

RESULTS

Investigators included 88 females (60.7%) aged 64 ± 15.1 years and 57 males (39.3%) aged 61 ± 16.4 years. Of these, 62.8% (n = 91) of patients were sensitized to at least one substance (2.6 ± 1.4 allergens on average). The most common allergens were benzalkonium chloride (18.6% [n = 27]), balsam of Peru (17.9% [n = 26]), and povidone-iodine 10% (17.2% [n = 25]). Finally, 40% (n = 58) of patients presented with pruritus around the ulcer, which was strongly associated with a positive patch test reaction (74.1% [n = 43] vs 55.2% [n = 48]; P = .021) and polysensitization (3.5 sensitivities [95% confidence interval, 2.4-4.6] vs 2 [95% confidence interval, 1.2-2.8]).

CONCLUSIONS

Contact sensitization is very common in patients with chronic leg ulcers, and pruritus around the ulcer is associated with contact allergy as well as polysensitization.

摘要

目的

确定慢性腿部溃疡患者的接触致敏频率；确定最常见的过敏原；并检查溃疡持续时间、瘙痒、渗出物和腿部湿疹之间的可能关系。

方法

研究人员对 145 名被诊断为慢性腿部溃疡的患者进行了 5 年的回顾性分析，这些患者接受了 S-1000、LU-1000 和常用敷料及防腐剂系列的皮肤斑贴试验。

结果

研究人员纳入了 88 名女性（60.7%），年龄 64 ± 15.1 岁和 57 名男性（39.3%），年龄 61 ± 16.4 岁。其中，62.8%（n = 91）的患者至少对一种物质过敏（平均 2.6 ± 1.4 种过敏原）。最常见的过敏原是苯扎氯铵（18.6% [n = 27]）、秘鲁香脂（17.9% [n = 26]）和聚维酮碘 10%（17.2% [n = 25]）。最后，40%（n = 58）的患者在溃疡周围出现瘙痒，这与斑贴试验阳性反应（74.1% [n = 43] vs 55.2% [n = 48]；P =.021）和多敏化（3.5 种敏感性[95%置信区间，2.4-4.6] vs 2 [95%置信区间，1.2-2.8]）强烈相关。