St Clair D, Blackburn I, Blackwood D, Tyrer G
University of Edinburgh Department of Psychiatry.
Br J Psychiatry. 1988 Jan;152:48-54. doi: 10.1192/bjp.152.1.48.
On two occasions one year apart, the cognitive performance of 12 patients with presenile dementia Alzheimer type (ATD) and 14 with alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome (KS) was assessed both psychologically using the Christensen version of Luria's neuropsychological investigation and physiologically by measuring P300 (P3) and other long-latency auditory event-related potentials. All patients with ATD showed evidence of psychological deterioration and most also showed changes in auditory P3, whereas on all measures the KS group remained essentially unchanged. The extent of the changes in the ATD group varied, but in general those patients with most psychological deterioration also displayed the biggest changes in P3 wave form. There were two patterns of decline: a majority followed the traditional progressive course associated with Alzheimer disease; and in a minority, decline was slower. Methods for determining the rate of decline in individual patients with ATD, together with the prognostic implications, are discussed.
在相隔一年的两个时间段，对12名早老性痴呆阿尔茨海默型（ATD）患者和14名酒精性柯萨科夫综合征（KS）患者的认知表现进行了评估。一方面采用克里斯滕森版的卢里亚神经心理学调查进行心理评估，另一方面通过测量P300（P3）和其他长潜伏期听觉事件相关电位进行生理评估。所有ATD患者均表现出心理衰退的迹象，且大多数患者的听觉P3也有变化，而在所有测量指标上，KS组基本保持不变。ATD组变化的程度各不相同，但总体而言，心理衰退最严重的患者P3波形变化也最大。衰退有两种模式：大多数患者遵循与阿尔茨海默病相关的传统渐进病程；少数患者衰退较慢。本文讨论了确定ATD个体患者衰退率的方法及其预后意义。
