Wu Jinfu, Saovieng Suchada, Cheng I-Shiung, Liu Tiemin, Hong Shangyu, Lin Chang-Yu, Su I-Chen, Huang Chih-Yang, Kuo Chia-Hua
Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan.
Laboratory of Exercise Nutrition, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, Taiwan.
J Ginseng Res. 2019 Oct;43(4):580-588. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2018.06.002. Epub 2018 Jun 21.
Ginsenoside Rg1 has been shown to clear senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) in cultured cells. It remains unknown whether Rg1 can influence SA-β-gal in exercising human skeletal muscle.
To examine SA-β-gal change, 12 young men (age 21 ± 0.2 years) were enrolled in a randomized double-blind placebo controlled crossover study, under two occasions: placebo (PLA) and Rg1 (5 mg) supplementations 1 h prior to a high-intensity cycling (70% VO). Muscle samples were collected by multiple biopsies before and after cycling exercise (0 h and 3 h). To avoid potential effect of muscle biopsy on performance assessment, cycling time to exhaustion test (80% VO) was conducted on another 12 participants (age 23 ± 0.5 years) with the same experimental design.
No changes of SA-β-gal were observed after cycling in the PLA trial. On the contrary, nine of the 12 participants showed complete elimination of SA-β-gal in exercised muscle after cycling in the Rg1 trial ( < 0.05). Increases in apoptotic DNA fragmentation (PLA: +87% vs. Rg1: +133%, < 0.05) and CD68 (PLA: +78% vs. Rg1: +121%, = 0.17) occurred immediately after cycling in both trials. During the 3-h recovery, reverses in apoptotic nuclei content (PLA: +5% vs. Rg1: -32%, < 0.01) and increases in inducible nitrate oxide synthase and interleukin 6 mRNA levels of exercised muscle were observed only in the Rg1 trial ( < 0.01).
Rg1 supplementation effectively eliminates senescent cells in exercising human skeletal muscle and improves high-intensity endurance performance.
人参皂苷Rg1已被证明可清除培养细胞中的衰老相关β-半乳糖苷酶（SA-β-gal）。Rg1是否会影响运动中的人体骨骼肌中的SA-β-gal仍不清楚。
为了检测SA-β-gal的变化，12名年轻男性（年龄21±0.2岁）参与了一项随机双盲安慰剂对照交叉研究，分为两种情况：在高强度骑行（70%VO₂）前1小时服用安慰剂（PLA）和补充Rg1（5毫克）。在骑行运动前后（0小时和3小时）通过多次活检采集肌肉样本。为避免肌肉活检对性能评估的潜在影响，对另外12名参与者（年龄23±0.5岁）采用相同的实验设计进行了力竭骑行时间测试（80%VO₂）。
在PLA试验中，骑行后未观察到SA-β-gal的变化。相反，在Rg1试验中，12名参与者中有9名在骑行后运动肌肉中的SA-β-gal完全消除（P<0.05）。在两项试验中，骑行后立即出现凋亡DNA片段增加（PLA：+87% vs. Rg1：+133%，P<0.05）和CD68增加（PLA：+78% vs. Rg1：+121%，P=0.17）。在3小时的恢复过程中，仅在Rg1试验中观察到凋亡细胞核含量的逆转（PLA：+5% vs. Rg1：-32%，P<0.01）以及运动肌肉中诱导型一氧化氮合酶和白细胞介素6 mRNA水平的增加（P<0.01）。
补充Rg1可有效消除运动中的人体骨骼肌中的衰老细胞，并提高高强度耐力表现。
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