年轻人中食用大麻的趋势及对其危害的认知。
Trends in marijuana edible consumption and perceptions of harm in a cohort of young adults.
机构信息
Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Biostatisticals and Data Science, Medical, Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States.
Wake Forest School of Medicine, Department of Biostatisticals and Data Science, Medical, Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States.
出版信息
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2019 Dec 1;205:107660. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107660. Epub 2019 Oct 23.
BACKGROUND
Rates of marijuana legalization have increased rapidly in recent years resulting in the marketing of alternative products like edibles that do not involve inhaling smoke. Edibles however pose unique public health challenges due to their greater risk for over-intoxication.
METHODS
1858 young adults were surveyed every six months from 2016 to 2018. Logistic regression models examined trends in use and perceptions of harm. Chi-squared tests compared demographic and behavioral characteristics of edible users and non-users by frequency of marijuana use.
RESULTS
Perceptions of no harm from edibles increased (25.4%, 27.3%, 26.7%, 28.4%, 29.6%; p = 0.006) while it declined for smoking marijuana (12.2%, 13.5%, 11.7%, 10.6%, 9.1%; p < 0.001). Among non-daily marijuana users, edible use increased (20.3%, 24.8%, 30.5%, 36.2%, 36.6%; p < 0.001) while smoking marijuana declined for both daily and non-daily users. Among daily users, edible users were more likely to use all modes of consumption than non-edible users. Among non-daily users, edible users were less likely to smoke marijuana and perceive harm from edibles and were more likely to perceive harm from smoking marijuana and have visited a dispensary than non-edible users.
CONCLUSIONS
Edibles are increasingly consumed and perceived to not be harmful, despite the greater danger of over-intoxication. However, daily use of edibles alone is uncommon. The finding that edible users were more likely to have visited a dispensary provides a potential intervention point for consumer education. Strong scientific evidence is needed to guide policymakers in best practices for communicating knowledge and potential harms of these products.
背景
近年来，大麻合法化的速度迅速加快，导致出现了像食用品这样不需要吸入烟雾的替代产品。然而，食用品由于其更高的过度中毒风险，带来了独特的公共卫生挑战。
方法
2016 年至 2018 年，对 1858 名年轻人进行了每六个月一次的调查。逻辑回归模型检验了使用趋势和对危害的认知。卡方检验比较了食用品使用者和非使用者的人口统计学和行为特征，按大麻使用频率进行分层。
结果
对食用品无害的认知增加（25.4%、27.3%、26.7%、28.4%、29.6%；p=0.006），而吸食大麻的认知则下降（12.2%、13.5%、11.7%、10.6%、9.1%；p<0.001）。在非每日吸食大麻者中，食用品的使用增加（20.3%、24.8%、30.5%、36.2%、36.6%；p<0.001），而每日和非每日吸食大麻者的吸食大麻量都有所下降。在每日吸食大麻者中，食用品使用者比非食用品使用者更有可能使用所有吸食方式。在非每日吸食大麻者中，食用品使用者比非食用品使用者更不容易吸食大麻和认为食用品有害，而更有可能认为吸食大麻有害，并比非食用品使用者更有可能光顾大麻店。
结论
尽管食用品存在更高的过度中毒风险，但食用品的消耗量和无害认知却在不断增加。然而，单独每日食用食用品的情况并不常见。食用品使用者更有可能光顾大麻店的发现为消费者教育提供了一个潜在的干预点。需要强有力的科学证据来指导政策制定者，为这些产品的知识传播和潜在危害提供最佳实践。
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