Department of Clinical Dietetics, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2020 Jan;37:101484. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2019.101484. Epub 2019 Oct 30.
Studies show that dysphagia is a common problem in patients with demyelinating diseases. However, there are no published studies on dysphagia in this group of patients, which would include the individual phases or the safety and effectiveness of the swallowing process.
The main objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of swallowing disorders and to characterize them based on subjective assessment by the study subjects with multiple sclerosis and Devic's syndrome.
The study included 72 patients (47 F, 25 M). Patients at risk of dysphagia were identified using the DYMUS, EAT-10 and SDQ questionnaires. To assess the type of oral- and pharyngeal-stage dysphagia, questions in the questionnaires were classified into groups according to symptoms typical of each stage.
The risk of dysphagia and the need for instrumental examination were identified in 37.5% of the study subjects. Pharyngeal-stage dysphagia (repeated swallowing, increased effort of swallowing, cough, a feeling of food sticking in the throat) was reported to occur at a significantly higher frequency. However, no differences were found between difficulty in swallowing liquids and difficulty in swallowing solid food.
There is a need for further research, which should include a detailed dysphagia-oriented diagnosis, with a view to gaining a detailed insight into the pathophysiology of deglutition in this group of patients.
研究表明，脱髓鞘疾病患者常存在吞咽困难。然而，目前尚无针对该人群吞咽困难的研究，包括个体阶段、吞咽过程的安全性和有效性。
本研究的主要目的是评估吞咽障碍的患病率，并根据多发性硬化症和 Devic 综合征患者的主观评估对其进行特征描述。
该研究纳入了 72 名患者（47 名女性，25 名男性）。使用 DYMUS、EAT-10 和 SDQ 问卷识别有吞咽困难风险的患者。为了评估口咽阶段吞咽障碍的类型，问卷中的问题根据每个阶段的典型症状进行分组。
研究对象中有 37.5%存在吞咽困难风险和需要进行仪器检查。报告显示，咽阶段吞咽困难（反复吞咽、吞咽费力、咳嗽、食物卡在喉咙的感觉）的发生率明显更高。然而，吞咽液体和固体食物困难之间没有差异。
需要进一步研究，包括详细的以吞咽障碍为导向的诊断，以期深入了解该组患者的吞咽生理病理。
