McKnight Brain Institute and Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Department of Neurology and Neurosciences, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Neurobiol Aging. 2019 Nov;83:140-144. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.03.023.
Many studies have shown that early-life experiences can contribute to later life cognitive reserve and resilience. However, there is evidence to suggest that later life experiences and lifestyle choices can also play a vital role in the brain's ability to respond to and compensate for neural insults associated with aging. Engaging in a diversity of behaviorally, socially, and cognitively rich activities may forge new neural pathways that can perhaps provide greater flexibility in confronting the challenges associated with accumulating brain pathology. Studies of cognitively normal individuals with pathology and of individuals who have aged exceptionally well may provide insights that are generalizable to the overall elderly population.
许多研究表明，早期生活经历可以有助于晚年的认知储备和适应能力。然而，有证据表明，晚年的经历和生活方式的选择也可以在大脑应对和补偿与衰老相关的神经损伤方面发挥至关重要的作用。参与各种行为、社交和认知丰富的活动可能会形成新的神经通路，从而在面对与大脑病理学积累相关的挑战时提供更大的灵活性。对有病理学但认知正常的个体以及衰老异常良好的个体的研究可能提供可推广到整个老年人群体的普遍见解。
