Vautrot Valentin, Chanteloup Gaëtan, Elmallah Mohammed, Cordonnier Marine, Aubin François, Garrido Carmen, Gobbo Jessica
INSERM 1231, Label Ligue National Contre le Cancer and Label d'excellence LipSTIC, Dijon, France.
University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EA 318, Besançon, France.
J Oncol. 2019 Oct 13;2019:8585276. doi: 10.1155/2019/8585276. eCollection 2019.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Tumor microenvironment (TME) contains many cell types including stromal cells, immune cells, and endothelial cells. The TME modulation explains the heterogeneity of response to therapy observed in patients. In this context, exosomes are emerging as major contributors in cancer biology. Indeed, exosomes are implicated in tumor proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and premetastatic niche formation. They contain bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, and RNAs. More recently, many studies on exosomes have focused on miRNAs, small noncoding RNA molecules able to influence protein expression. In this review, we describe miRNAs transported by exosomes in the context of CRC and discuss their influence on TME and their potential as circulating biomarkers. This overview underlines emerging roles for exosomal miRNAs in cancer research for the near future.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一。肿瘤微环境（TME）包含许多细胞类型，包括基质细胞、免疫细胞和内皮细胞。TME调节解释了患者中观察到的治疗反应异质性。在这种背景下，外泌体正在成为癌症生物学的主要贡献者。事实上，外泌体与肿瘤增殖、血管生成、侵袭和转移前生态位形成有关。它们含有生物活性分子，如蛋白质、脂质和RNA。最近，许多关于外泌体的研究都集中在miRNA上，miRNA是能够影响蛋白质表达的小非编码RNA分子。在这篇综述中，我们描述了在CRC背景下由外泌体转运的miRNA，并讨论了它们对TME的影响及其作为循环生物标志物的潜力。这一概述强调了外泌体miRNA在不久的将来癌症研究中的新作用。
