Fields Jennifer B, Payne Daniel C, Gallo Sina, Busteed Deanna R, Jones Margaret T
Frank Pettrone Center for Sports Performance, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.
School of Kinesiology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA 20110, USA.
Sports (Basel). 2019 Nov 18;7(11):239. doi: 10.3390/sports7110239.
Vitamin D plays a key role in bone health, musculoskeletal function, and sport performance. Collegiate athletes competing in indoor sports may be at greater risk of vitamin D deficiency due to limited outdoor time. Therefore, the purpose was to assess 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations among collegiate men and women basketball (MBB, WBB) athletes. National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I men (MBB, = 11) and women (WBB, = 9) were tested during the off-season (T1; July) and pre-season (T2; October). Measurements included serum 25(OH)D; skin pigmentation, bone mineral density, and daily sun exposure (self-reported). Paired t-tests determined changes in 25(OH)D by sport-season and sex. Pearson correlations examined relationships between outcome variables. MBB athletes (mean ± SD; 19.6 ± 1.3 years) showed a reduction in 25(OH)D (T1: 64.53 nmol·L ± 11.96) (T2: 56.11 nmol·L ± 7.90) ( = 0.001). WBB (20.1 ± 1.1 years) had no change in 25(OH)D (T1: 99.07 nmol·L ± 49.94. T2: 97.56 nmol·L ± 36.47, = 0.848). A positive association between 25(OH)D and skin pigmentation was observed (r = 0.47, = 0.038). 25(OH)D was inversely correlated with lean body mass (LBM), body mass (BM), and bone mineral density (BMD), while a positive association was seen between 25(OH)D and skin pigmentation. In summary, 25(OH)D insufficiency was prevalent amongst male collegiate basketball athletes, with 25(OH)D levels being lower in the pre-season (October) than the off-season (July). Furthermore, darker skin pigmentation significantly correlated with 25(OH)D, indicating that individuals with darker skin tones may be at a greater risk of insufficiency/deficiency. More research is needed to examine the relationships between 25(OH)D and bone health in athletes.
维生素D在骨骼健康、肌肉骨骼功能和运动表现中起着关键作用。参加室内运动的大学生运动员由于户外时间有限，可能面临更高的维生素D缺乏风险。因此，本研究旨在评估大学生男女篮球运动员（男子篮球，女子篮球）的25-羟基维生素D（25(OH)D）浓度。对美国国家大学体育协会第一分区的男子（男子篮球，n = 11）和女子（女子篮球，n = 9）在休赛期（T1；7月）和季前赛（T2；10月）进行了测试。测量指标包括血清25(OH)D；皮肤色素沉着、骨密度和每日阳光暴露量（自我报告）。配对t检验确定了不同赛季和性别的25(OH)D变化情况。Pearson相关性分析检验了各结果变量之间的关系。男子篮球运动员（平均±标准差；19.6±1.3岁）的25(OH)D水平有所下降（T1：64.53 nmol·L±11.96）（T2：56.11 nmol·L±7.90）（P = 0.001）。女子篮球运动员（20.1±1.1岁）的25(OH)D水平没有变化（T1：99.07 nmol·L±49.94。T2：97.56 nmol·L±36.47，P = 0.848）。观察到25(OH)D与皮肤色素沉着之间存在正相关（r = 0.47，P = 0.038）。25(OH)D与瘦体重（LBM）、体重（BM）和骨密度（BMD）呈负相关，而25(OH)D与皮肤色素沉着呈正相关。总之，25(OH)D不足在男性大学生篮球运动员中普遍存在，季前赛（10月）的25(OH)D水平低于休赛期（7月）。此外，较深的皮肤色素沉着与25(OH)D显著相关，这表明肤色较深的个体可能面临更高的不足/缺乏风险。需要更多的研究来探讨25(OH)D与运动员骨骼健康之间的关系。
