Department of Social Science and Business, Roskilde University, Universitetsvej 1, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
Fischer-Bonde Consulting, Asger Rygs Gade 18, 2.tv, 1727 København V, Denmark.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Nov 18;16(22):4570. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16224570.
In the European Union, the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Directive (2014/52/EU) and Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) Directive (2011/92/EU) emphasise the assessment of population and human health. The directives require health to be considered within Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA). To date, health is mainly considered in connection with negative environmental factors and in terms of risk assessments. The integration of health in EIA as well as SEA has not been investigated in a Danish context, and this study aims to address the missing knowledge. There is a need for a more comprehensive health assessment within EIA and SEA to comply with the EIA and SEA directives. An integration of health into EIA and SEA will ensure a sound examination of health determinants which can improve decision making and thus comprehensively promote and protect health. To establish the status of the inclusion of the assessment of impacts on health into EIA and SEA, a literature review was performed. In addition, a survey addressed to researchers and practitioners was conducted and analysed through a comparative analysis. The survey examined the needs of practitioners and researchers, focusing on the Danish context, regarding the inclusion of health into EIA and SEA. Enhanced intersectoral cooperation of the health and environmental sectors, more specific guidance documents, and underlying this, stronger political support, were identified among needs for more comprehensive health assessments.
在欧盟，《环境影响评估指令》（2014/52/EU）和《战略环境评估指令》（2011/92/EU）强调了对人口和人类健康的评估。这些指令要求在环境影响评估（EIA）和战略环境评估（SEA）中考虑健康问题。迄今为止，健康主要是在与负面环境因素有关的情况下以及在风险评估方面被考虑的。在丹麦背景下，尚未对 EIA 以及 SEA 中的健康综合评估进行研究，本研究旨在填补这一知识空白。需要在 EIA 和 SEA 中进行更全面的健康评估，以符合 EIA 和 SEA 指令的要求。将健康纳入 EIA 和 SEA 将确保对健康决定因素进行全面审查，从而改善决策，并全面促进和保护健康。为了确定将健康评估纳入 EIA 和 SEA 的现状，进行了文献回顾。此外，还针对研究人员和从业人员进行了一项调查，并通过比较分析进行了分析。该调查考察了从业人员和研究人员的需求，重点关注丹麦背景下将健康纳入 EIA 和 SEA 的问题。需要加强卫生和环境部门之间的跨部门合作，制定更具体的指导文件，并在此基础上加强政治支持，以实现更全面的健康评估。
