More Simon J
UCD Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Front Vet Sci. 2019 Nov 8;6:382. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00382. eCollection 2019.
The aim of this paper is to present scientific perspectives from the science-policy interface in animal health and welfare, with an emphasis on factors critical to scientific effectiveness. While there is broad acceptance of the value of scientific information to inform policy-making, interactions at the science-policy interface are not without difficulties. The literature highlights the need for scientists to build policy relevance to the research focus from the outset, to engage with policy-makers and other stakeholders throughout, to use platforms to facilitate science-policy dialogue, and to disseminate research findings appropriately. In the author's experience, there are a range of factors linked with effectiveness at the science-policy interface in animal health and welfare including a passion for public interest research, scientific independence, a commitment to scientific quality and openness, the opportunities afforded from partnership and collaboration, and an interest in strategic thinking and systems change. In an increasingly complex and rapidly changing world, an objective evidence base for policy decision-making is more important than ever. There is a need for particular attention to the value of collaboration between the natural and social sciences, a recognition among scientists and policy-makers that science is not value-free, the importance of effective communications, and the need to assess and communicate uncertainty. Further, there are particular challenges with science conducted in support of policy development for industry. It is hoped that this paper will stimulate and contribute to discussion and debate, both among scientists and between scientists and policy-makers, to increase scientific effectiveness at the science-policy interface in animal health and welfare.
本文旨在呈现动物健康与福利领域科学与政策互动方面的科学观点，重点关注对科学有效性至关重要的因素。虽然科学信息对政策制定的价值已得到广泛认可，但科学与政策互动并非没有困难。文献强调，科学家需要从一开始就使研究重点与政策相关，在整个过程中与政策制定者及其他利益相关者互动，利用平台促进科学与政策对话，并适当地传播研究结果。根据作者的经验，在动物健康与福利领域，科学与政策互动的有效性与一系列因素相关，包括对公共利益研究的热情、科学独立性、对科学质量和开放性的承诺、伙伴关系与合作带来的机遇，以及对战略思维和系统变革的兴趣。在一个日益复杂且快速变化的世界中，基于客观证据的政策决策比以往任何时候都更加重要。需要特别关注自然科学与社会科学之间合作的价值，科学家和政策制定者应认识到科学并非价值中立，有效沟通的重要性，以及评估和传达不确定性的必要性。此外，为支持行业政策制定而开展的科学研究面临特殊挑战。希望本文能激发科学家之间以及科学家与政策制定者之间的讨论和辩论，以提高动物健康与福利领域科学与政策互动的科学有效性。
