Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Jiangnan Tree Peony, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, 201602, China.
Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 5;9(1):18469. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-54863-y.
Paeoniaceae is an abundant germplasm resource with significant medicinal values in China, the principal medicinal components of which include paeoniflorin and paeonol. These compounds are typically obtained from air-dried root samples, which the use of freeze-drying as an alternative method has not been tested. Additionally, the presence of these two compounds in various wild Paeoniaceae species has not been previously explored, nor have the differences between various plant organs been fully evaluated. Here, freeze-drying and air-drying methods were compared to assess the changes in paeoniflorin and paeonol in root samples using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer. The contents of these compounds in the roots, leaves, stems, and petals were then tested in freeze-dried materials. We also quantitatively detected the paeoniflorin and paeonol contents in the roots of 14 species collected from 20 natural habitats. Results indicated that the paeoniflorin content decreased under air-drying in comparison to freeze-drying, while the opposite trend was observed for paeonol. Our findings also demonstrated that the root xylem of species in Section Moutan, particularly Paeonia ostii, contains considerable paeonol and paeoniflorin and should thus be fully utilized as a medicinal resource. Furthermore, paeonol was mainly detected in the roots, while paeoniflorin was widely distributed in different organs; the highest content was in the leaf at the budding stage, suggesting that the leaves should be developed as a new paeoniflorin resource. Paeoniflorin contents were also found to be higher at earlier development stages. Based on the standards of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, five species of Section Moutan and six species of Section Paeonia could be used as potential traditional Chinese medicinal resources. These findings of this study enhance our understanding of these two medicinal compounds and provide a foundation for the further development and utilization of Paeoniaceae as medicinal plant resources.
芍药科是中国一种具有丰富遗传多样性且药用价值极高的植物类群，其主要药用成分包括芍药苷和丹皮酚。这两种化合物通常从阴干的根样品中提取，而冻干作为一种替代方法尚未得到验证。此外，这两种化合物在各种野生芍药属植物中的存在情况尚未被探索，不同植物器官之间的差异也尚未得到充分评估。本研究采用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术，比较了冻干和阴干两种方法对根样品中芍药苷和丹皮酚含量的影响。然后，对冻干材料的根、叶、茎和花瓣中的这两种化合物含量进行了测试。我们还定量检测了 20 个自然生境中 14 个种的根中芍药苷和丹皮酚的含量。结果表明，与冻干相比，阴干会导致芍药苷含量降低，而丹皮酚的含量则呈相反趋势。本研究结果还表明，牡丹组（Section Moutan），特别是川赤芍（Paeonia ostii）的根木质部含有相当数量的丹皮酚和芍药苷，因此应充分利用其作为药用资源。此外，丹皮酚主要存在于根中，而芍药苷则广泛分布于不同器官中；在萌芽阶段的叶片中含量最高，这表明叶片可以作为新的芍药苷资源进行开发。此外，在早期发育阶段，芍药苷的含量也较高。根据《中国药典》的标准，牡丹组的 5 个种和芍药组的 6 个种可作为有潜力的传统药用资源。本研究结果加深了我们对这两种药用化合物的认识，为进一步开发和利用芍药科植物作为药用植物资源提供了基础。
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