Ma Xiaowen, Parson Clayre, Ding Wen-Xing
Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
Liver Res. 2018 Sep;2(3):138-145. doi: 10.1016/j.livres.2018.08.004. Epub 2018 Aug 21.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an intracellular organelle consisting of a continuous network of membranes. In the liver, the ER is highly active in protein modification, lipid metabolism, and xenobiotic detoxification. Maintaining these complicated processes requires elaborate control of the ER lumen environment as well as the ER volume. Increasing evidence suggests that autophagy plays a critical role in regulating the homeostasis of hepatic ER contents and levels of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes via selective ER-phagy. This review will provide an overview of ER-phagy, summarizing the possible roles of recently identified ER-phagy receptor proteins in regulating the homeostasis of hepatic ER and CYP enzymes as well as outlining the various implications of ER-phagy in ER-related liver diseases.
内质网（ER）是一种由连续的膜网络组成的细胞内细胞器。在肝脏中，内质网在蛋白质修饰、脂质代谢和外源性物质解毒方面高度活跃。维持这些复杂的过程需要对内质网腔环境以及内质网体积进行精细的调控。越来越多的证据表明，自噬通过选择性内质网自噬在调节肝脏内质网内容物和细胞色素P450（CYP）酶水平的稳态中起关键作用。本综述将概述内质网自噬，总结最近鉴定的内质网自噬受体蛋白在调节肝脏内质网和CYP酶稳态中的可能作用，并概述内质网自噬在与内质网相关的肝脏疾病中的各种影响。
