Department of Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-727, Olsztyn, Poland.
Environ Monit Assess. 2019 Dec 9;192(1):20. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7999-6.
The concept of the study resulted from the lack of accurate data on the toxicity of bisphenol F (BPF) coinciding with the need for immediate changes in the global economic policy eliminating the effects of environmental contamination with bisphenol A (BPA). The aim of the experiment was to determine the scale of the previously unstudied inhibitory effect of BPF on soil biochemical activity. To this end, in a soil subjected to increasing BPF pressure at three contamination levels of 0, 5, 50 and 500 mg BPF kg DM, responses of soil enzymes, dehydrogenases, catalase, urease, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulphatase and β-glucosidase, were examined. Moreover, the study suggested a potentially effective way of biostimulating the soil by means of bioaugmentation with a consortium of four bacterial species: Pseudomonas umsongensis, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus weihenstephanensis and Bacillus subtilis, and the following fungal species: Mucor circinelloides, Penicillium daleae, Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus niger. It was found that BPF was a controversial BPA analogue due to the fact that it contributed to the inhibition of all the enzyme activities. Dehydrogenases proved to be the most sensitive to bisphenol contamination of the soil. The addition of 5 mg BPF kg DM of soil triggered an escalation of the inhibition comparable to that for the other enzymes only after exposing them to the effects of 50 and 500 mg BPF kg DM of soil. Moreover, BPF generated low activity of urease, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase. Bacterial inoculum increased the activity of urease, β-glucosidase, catalase and alkaline phosphatase. Seventy-six percent of BPF underwent biodegradation during the 5 days of the study.
该研究的概念源于缺乏关于双酚 F（BPF）毒性的准确数据，而此时全球经济政策急需做出改变，以消除双酚 A（BPA）造成的环境污染影响。实验的目的是确定之前未研究过的 BPF 对土壤生物化学活性的抑制作用的规模。为此，在三种污染水平（0、5、50 和 500 mg BPF kg DM）下，对土壤中不断增加的 BPF 压力下的土壤酶、脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶、芳基硫酸酯酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶的反应进行了研究。此外，该研究还提出了一种通过生物强化来刺激土壤的潜在有效方法，即在土壤中添加四种细菌（Pseudomonas umsongensis、Bacillus mycoides、Bacillus weihenstephanensis 和 Bacillus subtilis）和四种真菌（Mucor circinelloides、Penicillium daleae、Penicillium chrysogenum 和 Aspergillus niger）的混合体。结果发现，BPF 是一种有争议的 BPA 类似物，因为它会抑制所有酶的活性。脱氢酶被证明对土壤中二酚污染最敏感。仅当土壤中添加 5 mg BPF kg DM 时，土壤中添加 5 mg BPF kg DM 就会引发抑制作用的升级，其程度与添加 50 和 500 mg BPF kg DM 时的抑制作用相当。此外，BPF 会降低脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶的活性。细菌接种物提高了脲酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、过氧化氢酶和碱性磷酸酶的活性。在研究的 5 天内，76%的 BPF 发生了生物降解。
