Department of Tobacco, Sugar, Vegetable and Essential Oils, University of Food Technologies, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Tobacco and Tobacco Products Institute-Bulgarian Agricultural Academy, 4108 Markovo, Bulgaria.
Molecules. 2019 Dec 20;25(1):30. doi: 10.3390/molecules25010030.
L. is a relatively less studied species (Solanaceae), although there are data about its importance as a model plant in viral control studies, as a gene donor in tobacco hybridization and as a source of agents with insecticidal or fungicidal effects. The biological activities of the species were associated mostly with the presence of leaf surface metabolites, in particular diterpenes and sucrose esters. The aim of this study was to identify the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) and two aromatic extraction products (concrete and resinoid) obtained from L. leaves. GC-MS analysis identified 26 components in the EO (representing 97.3% of total oil content), which contained mostly diterpene compounds with major components manool (14.2%), sclarene (8.4%) and manoyl oxide (8.1%). The number of compounds identified in the concrete was 37 (95.5% of the total content) and the major component was the diterpene alcohol sclareol (14.2%). In the resinoid, 30 volatile components (representing 95.1% of resinoid content) were identified, with major components nicotine (32.9%), α-tocopherol (8.2%), tridecanoin (6.9%), sclareol (6.9%), and solanone (6.9%). The group of bicyclic diterpenes had the largest share in the diterpene fraction of the products (57.3%, 91.7%, and 86.3%, respectively for the EO, concrete, and resinoid). Considering the abundance of sclareol in the aromatic products, the antimicrobial activity of the pure substance was determined. Sclareol was highly effective against a set of medicinally important yeasts; АТСС 10231, ATCC 90030, clinical isolate, and NBIMCC 23, while being less effective against the studied Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Data from the study on aromatic products composition may be of interest to the aroma industries for their possible use in perfumery and cosmetics.
L. 是一种研究相对较少的物种（茄科），尽管有数据表明它在病毒控制研究中作为模式植物、在烟草杂交中作为基因供体以及作为具有杀虫或杀菌作用的药剂来源具有重要性。该物种的生物活性主要与叶片表面代谢物有关，特别是二萜和蔗糖酯。本研究的目的是鉴定从 L. 叶片中获得的精油（EO）和两种芳香提取产物（香膏和树脂）的化学成分。GC-MS 分析鉴定出 EO 中的 26 种成分（占总油含量的 97.3%），其中主要为二萜化合物，主要成分有曼诺醇（14.2%）、角鲨烯（8.4%）和曼诺氧化物（8.1%）。香膏中鉴定出的化合物数量为 37 种（占总含量的 95.5%），主要成分是二萜醇石竹烯醇（14.2%）。在树脂中，鉴定出 30 种挥发性成分（占树脂含量的 95.1%），主要成分有尼古丁（32.9%）、α-生育酚（8.2%）、十三烷酸甘油酯（6.9%）、石竹烯醇（6.9%）和茄呢醇（6.9%）。在产物中二萜类化合物中，双环二萜类化合物的比例最大（EO、香膏和树脂分别为 57.3%、91.7%和 86.3%）。考虑到芳香产物中石竹烯醇的丰富度，测定了纯物质的抗微生物活性。石竹烯醇对一组药用重要酵母（ATCC 10231、ATCC 90030、临床分离株和 NBIMCC 23）具有高度有效性，而对所研究的革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌的有效性较低。关于芳香产物组成的研究数据可能对香料行业有兴趣，因为它们可能用于香水和化妆品。
