Zibo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zibo Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Analysis of Environmental Organic Pollution and Population Health, No. 44 Dongyi Road, Zibo, 255026, Shandong, China.
School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, No. 12 Zhangzhou Road, Zibo, 255000, Shandong, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Mar;27(7):7280-7288. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-07463-2. Epub 2019 Dec 27.
In this study, crucian carp (Carassius auratus) was exposed to the increasing concentrations of municipal sewage treatment plant effluent (MSTPE) for 15 days, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE), together with the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) in the liver of C. auratus were investigated. Moreover, the integrated biomarker response (IBR) approach was applied to assess the adverse effects of MSTPE in freshwater. The aim of the study was to provide an effective biological indicator for evaluating the toxicity effects and ecological risks of MSTPE in the freshwater environment quantitatively. Results showed that MSTPE could cause oxidative damage to the liver of C. auratus, which reflected through the increasing MDA content over the exposure period. MSTPE also led to the biochemical responses of antioxidant defense in C. auratus liver, such as the enhancement of SOD, CAT, and GPx activities, as well as the inhibition of AChE activity and GSH content. It was found that MDA, SOD, GPx, and GSH could be used as the biomarkers for reflecting the adverse effects of MSTPE in the receiving freshwater on the 12th day of exposure. A significant increase of IBR values was observed as the increasing concentration of MSTPE, and the IBR values presented a significant positive correlation (r = 0.891, P < 0.05) with the increasing concentrations of MSTPE, indicating that IBR approach is a promising tool for assessing the toxicity effects of MSTPE in environmental freshwater.
在这项研究中，鲫鱼（Carassius auratus）在 15 天内暴露于不断增加的城市污水处理厂出水（MSTPE）浓度中，研究了抗氧化酶（SOD、CAT、GPx）和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的活性，以及丙二醛（MDA）和谷胱甘肽（GSH）的含量。此外，还应用了综合生物标志物响应（IBR）方法来评估淡水环境中 MSTPE 的不良影响。本研究旨在提供一种有效的生物指标，用于定量评估 MSTPE 在淡水环境中的毒性效应和生态风险。结果表明，MSTPE 会导致鲫鱼肝脏的氧化损伤，这反映在暴露期间 MDA 含量的增加上。MSTPE 还导致了鲫鱼肝脏中抗氧化防御的生化反应，如 SOD、CAT 和 GPx 活性的增强，以及 AChE 活性和 GSH 含量的抑制。结果发现，MDA、SOD、GPx 和 GSH 可作为反映第 12 天暴露于接收淡水的 MSTPE 不良影响的生物标志物。随着 MSTPE 浓度的增加，IBR 值显著增加，IBR 值与 MSTPE 浓度呈显著正相关（r = 0.891，P < 0.05），表明 IBR 方法是评估 MSTPE 在环境淡水中的毒性效应的一种有前途的工具。
