Wang Ji, Sun Jinyu, Yang Fen
The First Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China.
Oncol Lett. 2020 Jan;19(1):7-16. doi: 10.3892/ol.2019.11093. Epub 2019 Nov 14.
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women in the majority of countries, such as China, Britain and Australia, and its morbidity and mortality rates remain very high. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) >200 nucleotides in length that lack open reading frames. LncRNA H19 is a transcription product of the H19 gene, and the aberrant expression of H19 can be demonstrated in various types of tumor cell. The purpose of the present review was to elaborate the role of H19 in breast cancer. H19 can regulate gene expression in breast cancer at multiple levels, including epigenetic, transcriptional and posttranscriptional. The abnormal expression of H19 is closely associated with the tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer via different underlying molecular mechanisms, such as encoding microRNA-675, competing endogenous RNA regulation and interacting with MYC. A large number of clinical studies have suggested that H19 can serve as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of breast cancer. High expression levels of H19 increases the drug resistance of breast cancer cells and is associated with poor prognosis within patients with breast cancer. Therefore, serum H19 levels may have momentous significance in the clinical setting.
在大多数国家，如中国、英国和澳大利亚，乳腺癌是女性中最常见的恶性肿瘤，其发病率和死亡率仍然很高。长链非编码RNA（lncRNAs）是长度大于200个核苷酸且缺乏开放阅读框的非编码RNA（ncRNAs）。LncRNA H19是H19基因的转录产物，H19的异常表达可在多种类型的肿瘤细胞中得到证实。本综述的目的是阐述H19在乳腺癌中的作用。H19可在多个水平上调节乳腺癌中的基因表达，包括表观遗传、转录和转录后水平。H19的异常表达通过不同的潜在分子机制，如编码微小RNA-675、竞争性内源RNA调控以及与MYC相互作用，与乳腺癌的发生和进展密切相关。大量临床研究表明，H19可作为乳腺癌诊断的潜在生物标志物。H19的高表达水平增加了乳腺癌细胞的耐药性，并与乳腺癌患者的不良预后相关。因此，血清H19水平在临床环境中可能具有重要意义。
