Endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory biomarkers as a response factor of concurrent coenzyme Q10 add-on metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVES

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of metformin alone or in combination with coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on inflammatory changes and endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A total numbers of 54 patients with T2DM compared to 30 healthy subjects were divided into three groups: Group A ( = 30): healthy subjects without any medications; Group B ( = 24): T2DM patients treated with metformin 1 g/day; and Group C ( = 30): T2DM patients treated with metformin 1 g/day plus CoQ10, 300 mg/day. The duration of the study was 8 weeks. Fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, blood pressure variables, fasting insulin, insulin resistance, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin were measured before and after therapy.

RESULTS

Metformin and/or CoQ10 therapy illustrated an insignificant effect on the fody mass index. This combination produced a significant improvement of metabolic changes in patients with T2DM ( < 0.01). sVCAM-1 serum level was decreased significantly after the initiation of metformin and/or CoQ10 therapy compared to the baseline < 0.05. E-selectin was declined significantly following metformin monotherapy and after metformin plus CoQ10 therapy ( = 0.0001).

CONCLUSION

CoQ10 add-on metformin therapy improves endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory changes in patients with T2DM alongside with amelioration of metabolic profile.